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Inhibition of Aspergillus flavus Growth and Aflatoxin Production in Transgenic Maize Expressing the &#945;-amylase Inhibitor from Lablab purpureus L.
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Lipids in Aspergillus flavus-maize interaction.

Marzia Scarpari1, Marta Punelli1, Valeria Scala1

  • 1Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università Sapienza - Roma Roma, Italy.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|March 1, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Oxylipins mediate communication between Aspergillus flavus and maize, influencing fungal development and aflatoxin production. Maize oxylipins restore aflatoxin synthesis in A. flavus mutants, revealing a crucial cross-talk mechanism.

Keywords:
aflatoxinslipidomiclipoxygenasemaize kernelsreverse genetic

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Area of Science:

  • Plant-pathogen interactions
  • Mycotoxicology
  • Lipidomics

Background:

  • Oxylipins and oxidative stress pathways are vital in filamentous fungi for host recognition and pathogenicity.
  • Oxylipins regulate fungal development, host communication, and mycotoxin biosynthesis, including aflatoxins in Aspergillus flavus.
  • These compounds are also produced by hosts during defense responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate oxylipin-mediated cross-talk between maize (Zea mays) and Aspergillus flavus during fungal invasion.
  • To analyze the impact of Aflox1 gene deletion mutants on oxylipin profiles and aflatoxin production in A. flavus during maize kernel colonization.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of oxylipin profiles using Liquid Chromatography-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (LC-ToF-MS).
  • Utilized a wild-type strain and three Aflox1 deletion mutants of A. flavus.
  • Employed Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for statistical evaluation of lipidomic data.

Main Results:

  • Distinct oxylipin profiles were observed between the wild-type and mutant strains when interacting with challenged maize kernels.
  • Aflatoxin synthesis, significantly reduced in vitro, was notably restored in planta.
  • Maize-derived oxylipins were identified as key regulators of secondary metabolism in A. flavus.

Conclusions:

  • Oxylipin-based signaling plays a critical role in the interaction between A. flavus and maize.
  • Maize oxylipins significantly influence the regulation of secondary metabolism, including aflatoxin biosynthesis, in pathogenic fungi.