Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Muscle Stimulation Frequency01:22

Muscle Stimulation Frequency

4.7K
The contraction strength of muscles is regulated by motor neurons, which modulate the frequency of action potentials dispatched to the motor units based on the body's requirements. This process of varying the muscle stimulation frequency allows muscles to contract with a force that is precisely tailored to the needs of the moment, whether lifting a feather or a heavy box.
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...
4.7K
Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

2.7K
Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when...
2.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A multidimensional-scaling study of images from diverse everyday-object categories.

Behavior research methods·2026
Same author

Private speech: similarities between a large language model and children.

Frontiers in artificial intelligence·2026
Same author

Recency is sufficient for reconciling categorisation and memory: Commentary on Devraj et al. (2024).

Psychonomic bulletin & review·2026
Same author

A global matching model of choice and response times in the Deese-Roediger-Mcdermott semantic and structural false recognition paradigms.

Psychological review·2025
Same author

Tests of a hybrid-similarity exemplar model of context-dependent memorability in a high-dimensional real-world category domain.

Journal of experimental psychology. General·2025
Same author

Practitioner Perspectives on the Uses of Generative AI Chatbots in Mental Health Care: Mixed Methods Study.

JMIR human factors·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

A Two-interval Forced-choice Task for Multisensory Comparisons
07:13

A Two-interval Forced-choice Task for Multisensory Comparisons

Published on: November 9, 2018

10.6K

Stimulus type and the list strength paradigm.

Adam F Osth1, Simon Dennis, Angela Kinnell

  • 1a Department of Psychology , The Ohio-State University , Columbus , Ohio , USA.

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006)
|March 4, 2014
PubMed
Summary

The list strength effect (LSE) in memory is null for most items, but this study found significant LSEs for fractal images. Other image types showed null effects, suggesting LSEs are stimulus-dependent.

Keywords:
Computational modellingCriterion shiftsGlobal matching modelsList strengthRecognition memory

More Related Videos

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
10:38

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

12.7K
A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments
08:12

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments

Published on: March 1, 2022

2.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 2, 2026

A Two-interval Forced-choice Task for Multisensory Comparisons
07:13

A Two-interval Forced-choice Task for Multisensory Comparisons

Published on: November 9, 2018

10.6K
A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
10:38

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

12.7K
A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments
08:12

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments

Published on: March 1, 2022

2.1K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Human Memory Research

Background:

  • The null list strength effect (LSE) in recognition memory indicates that strengthening studied items doesn't impair recall of other items.
  • Previous research primarily used single words, limiting understanding of LSEs with diverse stimuli.
  • Kinnell and Dennis (2012) observed small list length effects for fractal and face images, prompting further investigation into LSEs with non-word stimuli.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate list strength effects (LSEs) using fractal images, face images, and natural scene photographs.
  • To determine if non-word stimulus classes are susceptible to LSEs, extending prior findings.
  • To explore potential differences in LSEs across various visual stimulus types.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the paradigm and stimuli from Kinnell and Dennis (2012).
  • Employed recognition memory tasks with varying list strengths.
  • Analyzed performance differences across stimulus classes: fractals, faces, and natural scenes.

Main Results:

  • Significant list strength effects (LSEs) were observed for fractal images.
  • Null LSEs were found for face images and natural scene photographs.
  • These findings indicate stimulus-specific susceptibility to LSEs.

Conclusions:

  • Non-word stimuli can exhibit list strength effects (LSEs), but these effects are often small and stimulus-dependent.
  • Differences in LSEs across stimulus classes may be explained by varying representational overlap.
  • Memory models need to account for stimulus-specific factors influencing LSEs.