Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

C4 Pathway and CAM01:27

C4 Pathway and CAM

38.0K
Most plants use the C3 pathway for carbon fixation. However, some plants, such as sugar cane, corn, and cacti that grow in hot conditions, use alternative pathways to fix carbon and conserve energy loss due to photorespiration. Photorespiration is the process that occurs when the oxygen concentration is high. Under such conditions, the rubisco enzyme in the Calvin cycle binds O2 instead of CO2, which halts photosynthesis and consumes energy.
C4 Pathway
The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...
38.0K
Overview of Metabolism01:40

Overview of Metabolism

25.7K
Living cells constantly carry out various chemical reactions which are necessary for their proper functioning. These reactions are interlinked to one another via multiple pathways. The collection of these chemical reactions is known as metabolism.
Plant Metabolism
Sunlight, the primary source of energy in plants, is first absorbed by the chlorophyll pigments present in their leaves. Plants then use this energy to carry out photosynthesis, where water is oxidized into oxygen and carbon dioxide...
25.7K
Amino Acid Biosynthetic Pathways01:29

Amino Acid Biosynthetic Pathways

1.8K
Amino acid biosynthesis is essential for cell growth, protein synthesis, and metabolic regulation. Cells generate essential and non-essential amino acids from metabolic intermediates to sustain vital biological functions. These intermediates originate from key metabolic pathways: glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and the pentose phosphate pathway. Important precursors include α-ketoglutarate, pyruvate, oxaloacetate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and erythrose-4-phosphate, which...
1.8K
Biosynthesis in Bacteria01:24

Biosynthesis in Bacteria

1.0K
Biosynthesis in bacteria is a fundamental anabolic process that generates essential macromolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and polysaccharides. These macromolecules are critical for cellular growth, replication, and function. The process is tightly regulated and energetically linked to catabolic pathways to ensure optimal resource utilization.Biosynthetic pathways begin with precursor metabolites such as pyruvate, acetyl-CoA, and glucose-6-phosphate derived from glycolysis,...
1.0K
Cell Signaling in Plants01:25

Cell Signaling in Plants

4.5K
Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
4.5K
The Calvin Benson Cycle01:46

The Calvin Benson Cycle

6.3K
Ribulose 1,5- bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCo) is a critical enzyme that catalyzes carbon dioxide assimilation during photosynthesis. However, it is an inefficient enzyme, having an extremely slow catalytic rate. A typical enzyme can process about a thousand molecules per second; however, RuBisCo fixes only around three-carbon dioxides per second. Photosynthetic cells compensate for this slow rate by synthesizing very high amounts of RuBisCo, making it the most abundant single...
6.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The precursor of ethylene, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, induces resistance against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola in rice.

Plant science : an international journal of experimental plant biology·2026
Same author

Genetic technologies to enhance crop nutritional value under climate change.

Nature·2026
Same author

Climate Change Threatens Micronutrient Density of European Winter Wheat.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026
Same author

Genome editing in rice: toward climate-resilient, nutrient-rich yields.

Trends in plant science·2026
Same author

Legal consequences of breaching a European mandatory regulation on genome-edited crops.

Trends in biotechnology·2026
Same author

MADI: A multispectral automated dynamic imager to monitor plant health.

Plant phenomics (Washington, D.C.)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Annotation of Plant Gene Function via Combined Genomics, Metabolomics and Informatics
08:09

Annotation of Plant Gene Function via Combined Genomics, Metabolomics and Informatics

Published on: June 17, 2012

23.1K

Engineering complex metabolic pathways in plants.

Gemma Farré1, Dieter Blancquaert, Teresa Capell

  • 1Departament de Producció Vegetal i Ciència Forestal, Universitat de Lleida, Agrotecnio Center, 25198 Lleida, Spain;

Annual Review of Plant Biology
|March 4, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Metabolic engineering in plants offers a way to improve compound production or reduce unwanted substances. This review covers strategies and technologies to overcome key challenges in engineering complex plant metabolic pathways.

More Related Videos

A Customizable Approach for the Enzymatic Production and Purification of Diterpenoid Natural Products
07:59

A Customizable Approach for the Enzymatic Production and Purification of Diterpenoid Natural Products

Published on: October 4, 2019

11.9K
High-throughput, Robust and Highly Time-flexible Method for Surface Sterilization of Arabidopsis Seeds
07:28

High-throughput, Robust and Highly Time-flexible Method for Surface Sterilization of Arabidopsis Seeds

Published on: October 4, 2021

3.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 2, 2026

Annotation of Plant Gene Function via Combined Genomics, Metabolomics and Informatics
08:09

Annotation of Plant Gene Function via Combined Genomics, Metabolomics and Informatics

Published on: June 17, 2012

23.1K
A Customizable Approach for the Enzymatic Production and Purification of Diterpenoid Natural Products
07:59

A Customizable Approach for the Enzymatic Production and Purification of Diterpenoid Natural Products

Published on: October 4, 2019

11.9K
High-throughput, Robust and Highly Time-flexible Method for Surface Sterilization of Arabidopsis Seeds
07:28

High-throughput, Robust and Highly Time-flexible Method for Surface Sterilization of Arabidopsis Seeds

Published on: October 4, 2021

3.1K

Area of Science:

  • Plant biotechnology
  • Metabolic engineering
  • Synthetic biology

Background:

  • Metabolic engineering modifies plant metabolic pathways to enhance desirable compounds or reduce undesirable ones.
  • Key challenges include pathway knowledge, gene identification and sourcing, functional gene expression, and target compound accumulation without host toxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss strategies for engineering complex metabolic pathways in plants.
  • To highlight recent technological advancements addressing major bottlenecks in plant metabolic engineering.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and research on metabolic engineering in plants.
  • Focus on strategies and technologies for overcoming challenges in pathway engineering.

Main Results:

  • Identification of critical bottlenecks in plant metabolic engineering.
  • Discussion of developed strategies to address these bottlenecks.
  • Highlighting of recent technological innovations.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced strategies and technologies are crucial for overcoming challenges in plant metabolic engineering.
  • Successful engineering of complex metabolic pathways can lead to improved production of valuable compounds in plants.