Phase-field-crystal simulation of nonequilibrium crystal growth

By using the phase field crystal model, we simulate the morphological transition of the crystal growth of equilibrium crystal shape, dendrite, and spherical crystal shape. The relationship among growth morphology, velocity, and density distribution is investigated. The competition between interface energy anisotropy and interface kinetic anisotropy gives rise to the pattern selection of dendritic growth in the diffusion controlled regime under low-crystal-growth velocities. The trapping effect in density diffusion suppresses morphological instabilities under high-crystal-growth velocities, resulting in isotropic growth of spherical crystal. Finally, a morphological phase diagram of crystal growth is constructed as function of the phase field crystal model parameters.