Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

1.9K
NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...
1.9K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Magnetic Moment00:59

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Magnetic Moment

3.0K
All atomic nuclei are positively charged. When they have a nonzero spin, they behave like rotating charges. As a consequence of their charge and spin, these nuclei generate a magnetic field (B). This, in turn, gives rise to a magnetic moment (μ), which is randomly oriented in the absence of an external magnetic field. When an external magnetic field (B0) is applied, the magnetic moment vectors can align with the field or against it in 2 + 1 orientations. A hydrogen nucleus, which is just a...
3.0K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

1.1K
In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
1.1K
π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview01:27

π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview

1.5K
An applied magnetic field causes loosely bound π-electrons in organic molecules to circulate, producing a local or induced diamagnetic field over a large spatial volume. As the molecules tumble in solution, the field generated by π-electrons in spherical substituents results in a zero net field. However, the net field generated by π-electrons in non-spherical substituents is not zero. The effect of this induced field depends on the orientation of the molecule with respect to B0,...
1.5K
Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

2.8K
Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets....
2.8K
NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

3.4K
The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...
3.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Optically addressable molecular spins for quantum information processing.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2020
Same author

Correlating dynamic strain and photoluminescence of solid-state defects with stroboscopic x-ray diffraction microscopy.

Nature communications·2019
Same author

Quantum control of surface acoustic-wave phonons.

Nature·2018
Same author

Electrometry by optical charge conversion of deep defects in 4H-SiC.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2018
Same author

Do they stay or do they go? Acoustic monitoring of whale sharks at Ningaloo Marine Park, Western Australia.

Journal of fish biology·2017
Same author

Suppressing Spectral Diffusion of Emitted Photons with Optical Pulses.

Physical review letters·2016

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser
09:00

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser

Published on: June 28, 2018

9.3K

Current-induced spin polarization in anisotropic spin-orbit fields.

B M Norman1, C J Trowbridge1, D D Awschalom2

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|March 4, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Current-induced spin polarization in Indium Gallium Arsenide (InGaAs) epilayers shows unexpected behavior. Spin polarization magnitude is smaller with larger spin-orbit fields, and alignment deviates due to anisotropic spin relaxation.

More Related Videos

Measuring the Spin-Lattice Relaxation Magnetic Field Dependence of Hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate
11:57

Measuring the Spin-Lattice Relaxation Magnetic Field Dependence of Hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate

Published on: September 13, 2019

5.8K
Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
09:06

Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope

Published on: March 24, 2019

6.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 2, 2026

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser
09:00

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser

Published on: June 28, 2018

9.3K
Measuring the Spin-Lattice Relaxation Magnetic Field Dependence of Hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate
11:57

Measuring the Spin-Lattice Relaxation Magnetic Field Dependence of Hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate

Published on: September 13, 2019

5.8K
Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
09:06

Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope

Published on: March 24, 2019

6.6K

Area of Science:

  • Semiconductor spintronics
  • Solid-state physics
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Understanding current-induced spin polarization is crucial for spintronic device development.
  • Spin-orbit interaction significantly influences spin dynamics in semiconductors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between current-induced spin polarization and spin-orbit splitting in In0.04Ga0.96As epilayers.
  • To explore the influence of in-plane electric and magnetic fields on spin polarization.
  • To analyze deviations in spin polarization alignment relative to the spin-orbit field.

Main Methods:

  • Electrical and magnetic field-dependent measurements of spin polarization and spin-orbit splitting.
  • Utilizing In0.04Ga0.96As epilayers as the material system.
  • Characterization under varying in-plane electric and magnetic field conditions.

Main Results:

  • Observed that current-induced spin polarization magnitude is smaller for crystal directions with larger spin-orbit fields, contrary to theoretical expectations.
  • Demonstrated that steady-state in-plane spin polarization does not align with the spin-orbit field.
  • Identified anisotropic spin relaxation rates as the cause for the observed misalignment.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals a non-intuitive relationship between spin polarization and spin-orbit interaction strength in InGaAs.
  • Anisotropy in spin relaxation rates plays a critical role in determining the steady-state spin polarization direction.
  • Findings challenge existing models and provide new insights for designing spintronic devices.