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Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. This blockage prevents bile from draining, leading to gallbladder distension, inflammation, and potentially serious complications. This condition may present acutely or chronically and can happen with or without gallstones.EtiologyAbout 95% of cholecystitis cases are calculous, caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct, leading to bile accumulation and inflammation of the gallbladder...

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Updated: May 2, 2026

Intraoperative Strategy under Complex Vascular Adhesion for Laparoscopic Radical Resection of Bismuth-Corlette Type IIIb Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma

Intraoperative Strategy under Complex Vascular Adhesion for Laparoscopic Radical Resection of Bismuth-Corlette Type IIIb Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma

Published on: February 13, 2026

Cholangiocarcinoma.

Nataliya Razumilava¹, Gregory J Gores¹

¹Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

Lancet (London, England)

|March 4, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Cholangiocarcinoma diagnosis and treatment vary by location. Research is identifying genetic drivers for targeted therapies and early diagnostic markers for this liver cancer.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Gastroenterology
Hepatology

Background:

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a group of epithelial cancers with late diagnosis and poor prognosis.
CCA subtypes include intrahepatic, perihilar, and distal, plus mixed hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma, a distinct primary liver cancer.
Clinical awareness is crucial for intrahepatic CCA in cirrhosis and assessing liver masses.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the diverse diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for different anatomical locations of cholangiocarcinoma.
To emphasize the importance of managing biliary obstruction in perihilar CCA.
To underscore the role of international research in identifying genetic drivers for targeted therapies and early diagnosis.

Main Methods:

Review of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for intrahepatic, perihilar, and distal cholangiocarcinoma.
Discussion of mixed hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma as a distinct subtype.
Mention of advanced cytological tests like fluorescence in-situ hybridisation for diagnosis.
Consideration of liver transplantation as a curative option for selected perihilar CCA cases.

Main Results:

Specific management strategies are required for different CCA locations.
Advanced diagnostic tools aid in perihilar CCA diagnosis.
Liver transplantation is a potential cure for select perihilar CCA patients.
Ongoing research aims to uncover genetic drivers for personalized treatments.

Conclusions:

Cholangiocarcinoma management is location-specific, requiring tailored diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.
Early detection and targeted therapies are critical for improving outcomes.
International collaborative research is pivotal for advancing cholangiocarcinoma treatment and diagnosis.