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Fixation and Sectioning

Fixation and Sectioning

Two basic types of preparation are used to visualize specimens with a light microscope: wet mounts and fixed specimens.
The simplest type of preparation is the wet mount, in which the specimen is placed in a drop of liquid on the slide. A liquid specimen can be directly deposited on the slide using a dropper. Solid specimens, such as skin scraping, can be placed on the slide before adding a drop of liquid to prepare the wet mount. Sometimes the liquid is simply water, but stains are often added...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

A Method to Preserve Wetland Roots and Rhizospheres for Elemental Imaging

A Method to Preserve Wetland Roots and Rhizospheres for Elemental Imaging

Published on: February 15, 2021

Search protocols for hidden forensic objects beneath floors and within walls.

Alastair Ruffell¹, Jamie K Pringle², Shari Forbes³

¹School of Geography, Archaeology and Palaeoecology, Queen's University, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT7 1NN, UK.

Forensic Science International

|March 4, 2014

Summary

Forensic scientists can now use a new strategy to find hidden objects like human remains or weapons concealed behind walls. This approach combines existing methods with advanced technology for more effective searches in difficult crime scenes.

Keywords:

Concrete Human remains Search

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Area of Science:

Forensic Science
Geophysics
Remote Sensing

Background:

Locating objects (human remains, explosives, weapons) concealed behind or within building materials is a common but challenging forensic search scenario.
Existing search methods are often insufficient, with discoveries typically being accidental or based on testimony, highlighting a need for systematic strategies.
Published case studies reveal significant difficulties in finding and recovering items in sealed or covered locations.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a preliminary search strategy for locating concealed objects in forensic scenarios.
To integrate established forensic search techniques with novel technologies for improved detection.
To provide a structured workflow from initial assessment to excavation recommendations.

Main Methods:

A preliminary search strategy is developed, combining previous research with new primary investigations.
Utilizes established methods: desktop study, photography, geophysics, and search dogs.
Integrates advanced technologies: LiDAR, laser scanning, photographic rectification, aerial imagery, ground-penetrating radar (GPR) on walls, and gamma-ray/neutron activation radiography.

Main Results:

The study proposes a rudimentary search workflow applicable to forensic investigations.
Demonstrates the integration of remote sensing, non-destructive testing, and excavation planning.
A case study from a homicide investigation illustrates the practical application of the proposed strategy.

Conclusions:

The presented strategy offers a systematic approach to searching for concealed items in challenging forensic environments.
The integration of new technologies enhances the capabilities of traditional forensic search methods.
This approach aims to improve the efficiency and success rate of locating hidden evidence.