Anti-tumor surveillance of non-contact-inhibited transformed cell lines

In order to determine if the correlated expression of transformation and tumorigenicity is affected by the agents used to induce transformants or by the immune status of the host used to test the tumorigenicity of transformants, we derived a series of cloned cell lines from foci of transformed cells induced by treatment of the contact-inhibited mouse cell line B/C-N7.ICI with the DNA demethylating agent 5-azacytidine (5-AZC) or the DNA demethylating and mutating agent benzo(a)pyrene dihydrodiol epoxide (BPDE). The transformed cell lines were injected into syngeneic nude and normal mice to determine their tumorigenicity. The results of this analysis showed that 93% of the transformants induced by 5-AZC treatment grew as tumors when injected into nude mice. Of those lines capable of growing as tumors in nude mice, 86% were also tumorigenic when injected into normal mice. In contrast, only 64% of BPDE-induced transformants grew as tumors in nude mice, and of those, only 44% were also tumorigenic in normal mice. The existence of non-contact-inhibited transformants that are tumorigenic only in nude mice indicates that host anti-tumor immune surveillance mechanisms are operative in normal mice. Further, the difference in both the percentage of transformed cell lines that are tumorigenic and the percentage of tumorigenic transformants that are susceptible to immune surveillance when transformants are induced by BPDE as compared to 5-AZC indicates that the transforming agent can affect both the correlation between the expression of transformation and tumorigenicity, and the interaction between the immune system and tumorigenic transformants.