Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

MicroRNA Detection in Prostate Tumors by Quantitative Real-time PCR qPCR
08:30

MicroRNA Detection in Prostate Tumors by Quantitative Real-time PCR qPCR

Published on: May 16, 2012

24.0K

TR4 nuclear receptor functions as a tumor suppressor for prostate tumorigenesis via modulation of DNA damage/repair

Shin-Jen Lin, Soo Ok Lee, Yi-Fen Lee

  • 1chang@urmc.rochester.edu.

Carcinogenesis
|March 4, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Testicular nuclear receptor 4 (TR4) acts as a tumor suppressor, preventing prostate cancer development by regulating DNA repair and ATM expression. This finding offers new insights into prostate cancer initiation and potential therapeutic strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Testicular nuclear receptor 4 (TR4) is a nuclear receptor superfamily member involved in metabolism, fertility, and aging.
  • The role of TR4 in cancer progression, particularly prostate cancer (PCa), is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of TR4 in prostate cancer initiation and progression.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying TR4's role in prostate tumorigenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized three mouse models and in vitro cell line studies (human RWPE1, mouse mPrE).
  • Investigated the effects of TR4 knockdown on tumorigenesis, DNA damage, and DNA repair pathways.
  • Examined the role of ATM expression modulation and its correlation with TR4 in prostate cancer.
  • Performed immunohistochemical staining on human PCa tissue microarrays.

Main Results:

  • TR4 prevents or delays prostate cancer/prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia development in mouse models.
  • Knocking down TR4 in normal prostate cells promotes tumorigenesis and increases DNA damage.
  • TR4 knockdown alters the DNA repair system through modulation of ATM expression at the transcriptional level.
  • ATM expression is highly correlated with TR4 expression in human PCa tissues.

Conclusions:

  • TR4 functions as a tumor suppressor in prostate cancer initiation.
  • TR4 delays prostate tumorigenesis by regulating ATM expression and DNA repair pathways.

More Related Videos

Enhancement of Apoptotic and Autophagic Induction by a Novel Synthetic C-1 Analogue of 7-deoxypancratistatin in Human Breast Adenocarcinoma and Neuroblastoma Cells with Tamoxifen19:44

Enhancement of Apoptotic and Autophagic Induction by a Novel Synthetic C-1 Analogue of 7-deoxypancratistatin in Human Breast Adenocarcinoma and Neuroblastoma Cells with Tamoxifen

Published on: May 30, 2012

18.2K
Fluorescence-based Monitoring of PAD4 Activity via a Pro-fluorescence Substrate Analog08:37

Fluorescence-based Monitoring of PAD4 Activity via a Pro-fluorescence Substrate Analog

Published on: November 5, 2014

9.3K

Related Concept Videos

Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions01:12

Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions

Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
When the tumor suppressor genes develop mutations or are lost, cells start growing out of control, leading to cancer. However, a single functional copy of the tumor suppressor gene is enough for the cells to maintain their normal functions and cell...
4.9K
Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions01:12

Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions

1.7K
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
8.3K
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

2.6K
Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
4.0K
Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors01:31

Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors

Nuclear receptors, or NRs, are unique transcription factors that regulate gene transcription and affect the cellular pathways involved in reproduction, development, or metabolism. Their ability to be stimulated by small lipophilic ligands and control vital cellular processes makes them ideal drug targets. Nearly 10-15% of currently prescribed drugs target these receptors.
About 48 different soluble family members of nuclear receptors are identified that can be divided into two main classes:
6.6K