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Related Concept Videos

Pneumonia I: Introduction01:30

Pneumonia I: Introduction

1.5K
Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
1.5K
Pneumonia I: Introduction01:29

Pneumonia I: Introduction

24
Pneumonia is an infection of the lower respiratory tract that leads to inflammation of the lung parenchyma, often resulting in the accumulation of inflammatory exudate in the alveoli and airways. Unlike the watery, low-protein fluid exudate in pulmonary edema, the exudate in this case is a thick fluid rich in immune cells, proteins, and debris produced during infection and inflammation.This impairs gas exchange and can lead to consolidation of lung tissue. The infection may be caused by a...
24
Pneumothorax-I01:26

Pneumothorax-I

2.2K
A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
2.2K
Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

1.7K
Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
1.7K
Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology01:08

Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology

55
Pneumothorax means the presence of air in the pleural space — the thin potential gap between the visceral and parietal pleura. This condition disrupts the normal pressure balance that keeps the lungs inflated, leading to partial or complete collapse of the affected lung.Normal physiologyUnder normal conditions, the pleural space maintains a slightly negative intrapleural pressure, which keeps the lungs expanded against the chest wall. This negative pressure creates a delicate balance...
55
Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment01:30

Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment

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Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
1.4K

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Updated: May 2, 2026

Robotic-assisted Left Pneumonectomy For Vanishing Lung Syndrome
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Robotic-assisted Left Pneumonectomy For Vanishing Lung Syndrome

Published on: January 23, 2026

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Pneumonectomy: risk factor or innocent bystander?

Richard Warwick1, Neeraj Mediratta, Michael Shackcloth

  • 1Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK.

Asian Cardiovascular & Thoracic Annals
|March 4, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pneumonectomy (lung removal) is not an independent risk factor for hospital mortality or long-term survival in non-small-cell lung cancer patients. Risk factor adjustment and propensity matching confirmed these findings, challenging previous assumptions.

Keywords:
CarcinomaLung neoplasmsPneumonectomyRisk factorsSurvivalnon-small-cell lung

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Area of Science:

  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

  • Pneumonectomy is linked to higher mortality and poorer survival rates for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) compared to lobectomy.
  • The independent impact of pneumonectomy on patient outcomes remains a critical question in thoracic surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if pneumonectomy is an independent risk factor for hospital mortality.
  • To assess if pneumonectomy independently impacts long-term survival in NSCLC patients after risk factor adjustment.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of a prospectively validated thoracic surgery database.
  • Kaplan-Meier survival analysis comparing lobectomy (n=1484) and pneumonectomy (n=266) cohorts.
  • Multivariate logistic regression, Cox regression, and 1:1 propensity matching were employed.

Main Results:

  • Univariate analysis initially suggested pneumonectomy as a risk factor (p=0.02 for mortality, p<0.001 for survival).
  • Multivariate and Cox regression analyses did not identify pneumonectomy as a significant risk factor.
  • Propensity-matched analysis (n=266 per group) showed no significant difference in hospital mortality (p=0.37) or long-term survival (p=0.19) between pneumonectomy and lobectomy.

Conclusions:

  • Pneumonectomy is not an independent risk factor for hospital mortality.
  • Pneumonectomy does not independently predict poorer long-term survival in NSCLC patients when confounding factors are addressed.