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Histopathologic studies on myeloproliferative sarcoma virus (MPSV) induced leukemias and hemangiosarcoma in Jar-2
1Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan.
Abstract:
It is well known that MPSV induces myeloproliferative syndrome (MPS) in mice. Intravenous one shot inoculation of myeloproliferative sarcoma virus (MPSV) with Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV) as a helper in newborn Jar-2 rats (on the second neonatal day) yielded hematopoietic malignancies in all the treated rats (25/25 rats) after 2 weeks' latency. MPS appeared from the 14th day in 14 rats. In the midst of the myeloproliferative field of the spleen and bone marrow, myeloblastic or myeloblastic-erythroblastic foci were observed. From 19th day, acute myeloblastic leukemia occurred in 3 rats and erythroleukemia in 8 rats. MPSV induced first MPS which remained as such or later developed into acute leukemia. Myelofibrosis as seen in mice was not observed. In addition, hemangiosarcoma of the brain, spinal cord and spleen appeared in 15 rats from the 24th day, and were often multiple. MPSV can yield the tumor only in newborn rats, and target cells of MPSV are not only hematopoietic cells but also endothelial cells of the brain, spinal cord and occasionally spleen.
Insights
Myeloproliferative sarcoma virus (MPSV) causes hematopoietic malignancies and leukemia in newborn rats. MPSV also induces hemangiosarcoma in the brain, spinal cord, and spleen, targeting both blood and endothelial cells.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Hematology
- Virology
Background:
- Myeloproliferative sarcoma virus (MPSV) is known to induce myeloproliferative syndrome (MPS) in mice.
- Understanding MPSV's oncogenic potential in different species is crucial for cancer research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of MPSV inoculation in newborn Jar-2 rats.
- To characterize the types of malignancies induced by MPSV in rats.
Main Methods:
- Newborn Jar-2 rats were intravenously inoculated with MPSV and Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV).
- Animals were monitored for the development of hematopoietic malignancies and tumors.
- Histopathological analysis was performed on affected tissues.
Main Results:
- All treated rats (25/25) developed hematopoietic malignancies within 2 weeks.
- Myeloproliferative syndrome (MPS) was observed in 14 rats starting on day 14, with myeloblastic or myeloblastic-erythroblastic foci in the spleen and bone marrow.
- Acute myeloblastic leukemia occurred in 3 rats and erythroleukemia in 8 rats from day 19.
- Hemangiosarcoma of the brain, spinal cord, and spleen appeared in 15 rats from day 24.
- Myelofibrosis, observed in mice, was not seen in rats.
Conclusions:
- MPSV induces both myeloproliferative syndrome and acute leukemia in newborn rats.
- MPSV targets not only hematopoietic cells but also endothelial cells, leading to hemangiosarcoma.
- Rats are a suitable model for studying MPSV-induced malignancies, with distinct outcomes compared to mice.