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Risk factors for hospital admission with RSV bronchiolitis in England: a population-based birth cohort study

Joanna Murray1, Alex Bottle1, Mike Sharland2

  • 1Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.

Plos One
|March 4, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Most hospital admissions for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis in England occur in infants born at term. However, preterm infants and those with Down's syndrome or cerebral palsy face a higher risk of admission.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Epidemiology of respiratory infections
  • Neonatal health outcomes

Background:

  • Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis is a common cause of infant hospitalization.
  • Understanding admission patterns and risk factors is crucial for public health interventions.
  • Previous studies have highlighted risks for preterm infants, but comprehensive data in England is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the timing and duration of RSV bronchiolitis hospital admissions in England.
  • To identify key risk factors associated with bronchiolitis admissions in infants.
  • To inform strategies for prevention and management of RSV infections.

Main Methods:

  • Population-based birth cohort study utilizing the Hospital Episode Statistics database.
  • Inclusion of 296,618 birth records linked to hospital admissions within the first year of life.
  • Analysis of data from 71 hospitals across England.

Main Results:

  • 7,189 hospital admissions for bronchiolitis were recorded, with 15% involving preterm infants.
  • The peak age for admissions was 1 month, with a median length of stay of 1 day.
  • Preterm infants had a 1.9 times higher risk of admission; Down's syndrome (2.5x) and cerebral palsy (2.4x) also significantly increased risk.

Conclusions:

  • While most RSV bronchiolitis admissions are in term infants, preterm infants and those with specific comorbidities face elevated risks.
  • The early age of peak admissions has implications for infant immunization strategies.
  • Further research is required to elucidate the increased risk in infants with Down's syndrome and cerebral palsy.
Abstract

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