Allergic contact dermatitis caused by alkyl glucosides

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Allergology
• Cosmetic Science

Background:

• Alkyl glucosides were presumed safe for cosmetic use at typical concentrations.
• However, reported cases of allergic contact dermatitis suggest a potential sensitizing risk.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate and report on patients diagnosed with allergic contact dermatitis due to alkyl glucosides.
• To analyze the sources of sensitization and clinical presentation in affected individuals.

Main Methods:

• Patch testing of 11,842 patients with suspected contact dermatitis over 19 years (1993-2012).
• Analysis of clinical data and identified sensitization sources in patients with positive alkyl glucoside reactions.

Main Results:

• 30 patients (24 female, 6 male) showed positive reactions to alkyl glucosides.
• Common sources included shampoos (12), skin cleansers (12), sunscreens (5), skin care (4), and deodorant (1).
• 16 patients exhibited multiple sensitivities to other glucosides and unrelated chemicals.

Conclusions:

• Allergic contact dermatitis from alkyl glucosides in cosmetics is a recognized issue.
• The prevalence may be underestimated due to their widespread use in consumer products.
• Identifying alkyl glucosides as allergens is crucial for consumer safety and product formulation.