Inflammatory cytokines and physical activity in multiple sclerosis
1Department of Physiotherapy, Portuguese Red Cross Superior Health School, Avenida de Ceuta, Edifício Urbiceuta, 1300-125 Lisboa, Portugal.
ISRN Neurology
|March 5, 2014
Summary
Physical activity positively impacts multiple sclerosis by stimulating anti-inflammatory responses. Moderate exercise intensity appears most effective in resolving inflammation and improving patient well-being.
Area of Science:
- Neuroimmunology
- Exercise Physiology
- Chronic Disease Management
Background:
- Physical activity offers functional benefits for multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.
- Exercise elicits hormonal and immunological responses with anti-inflammatory effects in MS.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the influence of physical activity on multiple sclerosis.
- To determine the exercise intensity threshold that activates anti-inflammatory mechanisms in MS.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of Medline, PubMed, ScienceDirect, PloS, PEDro, and Web of Science databases.
- Inclusion of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in English, focusing on inflammation and physical activity in MS.
- Methodological quality assessment using the PEDro scale by two independent reviewers.
Main Results:
- Five RCTs were identified and analyzed.
- Physical activity appears to modulate anti-inflammatory cytokines, enhancing physical and cardiorespiratory performance.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate these effects.
Conclusions:
- Physical activity enhances the quality of life for individuals with multiple sclerosis.
- Exercise appears to promote the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines.
- Moderate physical activity demonstrates greater potential in mitigating inflammatory processes compared to light activity.
Related Concept Videos
01:19Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction
20
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
20
01:24T Cell Types and Functions
3.2K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
3.2K
01:28Inflammatory Response
12.5K
An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
12.5K
01:25Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease
35
Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
35
01:30Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular
15.8K
The inflammatory response is the body's defense against infection, injury, or irritation from bacteria, trauma, toxins, or heat. Inflammation helps locate and destroy pathogens and remove damaged tissue elements to heal the body. During this initial phase, fluid, blood products, and nutrients migrate to the injured area, resulting in redness, heat, swelling, ache, and loss of function. Moreover, signs of systemic inflammation include fever, increased WBC count, malaise, anorexia, nausea,...
15.8K
01:20The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway
10.2K
Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as SH2...
10.2K