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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

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Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
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Unit Cells01:18

Unit Cells

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A crystal's internal structure is an orderly array of atoms, ions, or molecules, and the details of this array significantly influence the solid's properties. In a crystal, periodically repeating 'structural motifs' - which could be atoms, molecules, or groups thereof - create a 'space lattice.' This is essentially a three-dimensional, infinite array of points, each surrounded by its neighbors in an identical way, forming the basic structure of the crystal.A 'unit cell' is a theoretical...
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Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
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Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
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Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

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The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
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Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
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(3 + 1)-dimensional crystal and antiferromagnetic structures in CeRuSn.

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  • 1Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner Platz 1, M-AQM, D-14109 Berlin, Germany.

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The crystal structure of cerium ruthenium tin (CeRuSn) becomes incommensurate upon cooling, transitioning to an antiferromagnetic state below 2.8 K with modulated magnetic moments.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Cerium ruthenium tin (CeRuSn) exhibits a crystal structure related to the CeCoAl-type.
  • Understanding the temperature-dependent structural and magnetic properties of intermetallic compounds is crucial for materials science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incommensurate crystal structure of CeRuSn at low temperatures.
  • To characterize the antiferromagnetic ordering and magnetic moment behavior in CeRuSn.

Main Methods:

  • X-ray diffraction studies to determine crystal structure.
  • Superspace formalism for describing incommensurate structures.
  • Neutron diffraction or magnetic susceptibility measurements to probe magnetic ordering.

Main Results:

  • At 320 K, CeRuSn has a commensurate structure; upon cooling, it becomes incommensurate with modulated atomic positions.
  • The modulation vector approaches qnuc = (0 0 0.35).
  • Antiferromagnetic ordering occurs below TN = 2.8 K with a propagation vector qmag = (0 0 0.175), and modulated, nearly collinear Ce magnetic moments (0.11–0.95 μB) confined to the a-c plane.

Conclusions:

  • CeRuSn displays a complex interplay between incommensurate crystal structure and antiferromagnetism.
  • The magnetic structure is related to, but distinct from, the incommensurate crystal structure.
  • The modulated magnetic moments suggest complex magnetic interactions within the CeRuSn system.