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Lipid concentrations and semen quality: the LIFE study.

E F Schisterman1, S L Mumford, Z Chen

  • 1Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Rockville, MD, USA.

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Summary

High lipid levels in men are linked to poorer semen quality, potentially impacting fertility. This study highlights the importance of maintaining cholesterol and lipid balance for male reproductive health.

Keywords:
epidemiologyfecunditylipoprotein metabolismsemen quality

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Health
  • Andrology

Background:

  • Declining sperm counts observed over 50 years correlate with rising obesity rates.
  • Obesity is strongly linked to lipid levels, suggesting hyperlipidemia may contribute to male infertility.
  • Environmental and lifestyle factors are implicated in male fertility decline.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between serum lipid concentrations and semen quality parameters in men.
  • To evaluate the role of hyperlipidemia in male fertility.
  • To assess the impact of lipid profiles on sperm quality.

Main Methods:

  • Population-based cohort study involving 501 men seeking pregnancy.
  • Collection of up to two semen samples per participant.
  • Analysis using linear mixed effects models, adjusting for age, BMI, and race.

Main Results:

  • Elevated serum total cholesterol, free cholesterol, and phospholipids correlated with reduced percentage of spermatozoa with intact acrosome.
  • Higher lipid levels were associated with smaller sperm head area and perimeter.
  • Significant associations found between lipid concentrations and specific semen quality parameters.

Conclusions:

  • Serum lipid concentrations may negatively affect semen parameters, particularly sperm head morphology.
  • Cholesterol and lipid homeostasis are crucial for male fecundity.
  • Findings underscore the potential role of metabolic health in male reproductive function.