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Degenerative left shift as a prognostic tool in cats.

A G Burton1, L A Harris, S D Owens

  • 1Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA.

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
|March 7, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Degenerative left shift (DLS) in cats is a poor prognostic indicator. Cats with DLS are 1.57 times more likely to die or be euthanized, with increased severity worsening the outcome.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Hematology
  • Canine and Feline Medicine

Background:

  • Degenerative left shift (DLS) is a hematological finding.
  • DLS is suspected as a poor prognostic indicator in dogs and cats.
  • Limited data exists for DLS in dogs and no studies in cats.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize feline populations with DLS.
  • To determine if DLS presence and severity predict euthanasia or death risk in cats.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case-control study.
  • 108 cats with DLS (cases) and 322 controls.
  • Complete blood count (CBC) analyzed for immature granulocytic precursors.
  • Survival analysis used to assess predictors of outcome.
Keywords:
CBCFeline leukemia virusNeutrophilSepsisSurvival

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Main Results:

  • Cats with DLS had higher in-hospital death or euthanasia rates (56% vs. 33%).
  • DLS significantly predicted death or euthanasia (HR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.13-2.18).
  • Increasing DLS severity correlated with increased risk of death or euthanasia.

Conclusions:

  • Cats with DLS face a 1.57 times higher risk of in-hospital death or euthanasia.
  • The severity of DLS is directly associated with an increased likelihood of a poor outcome.
  • DLS is a significant prognostic indicator in feline medicine.