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Related Concept Videos

Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

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The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not...
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Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

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Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

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Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
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Development of Blood Vessels01:07

Development of Blood Vessels

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The development of the vascular system in a fetus is a complex and intricate process that begins as early as 15 to 16 days post-conception. This process starts outside the embryo, specifically in the mesoderm of the yolk sac, chorion, and connecting stalk. Approximately two days later, the formation of blood vessels occurs within the embryo itself.
The initial formation of this system is facilitated by the small amount of yolk present in the ovum and yolk sac. Blood vessels originate from...
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Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

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Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
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Determination01:51

Determination

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During embryogenesis, cells become progressively committed to different fates through a two-step process: specification followed by determination. Specification is demonstrated by removing a segment of an early embryo, “neutrally” culturing the tissue in vitro—for example, in a petri dish with simple medium—and then observing the derivatives. If the cultured region gives rise to cell types that it would normally generate in the embryo, this means that it is specified. In...
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Light-sheet Fluorescence Microscopy to Capture 4-Dimensional Images of the Effects of Modulating Shear Stress on the Developing Zebrafish Heart
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Distinct Notch signaling outputs pattern the developing arterial system.

Aurelie Quillien1, John C Moore, Masahiro Shin

  • 1Program in Gene Function and Expression, UMass Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605 USA.

Development (Cambridge, England)
|March 7, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Notch signaling is crucial for artery development in zebrafish embryos. This pathway is activated early in endothelial progenitors, committing them to artery fates and maintaining arterial identity throughout development.

Keywords:
Artery differentiationNotchVascular systemZebrafish

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Vascular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Artery and vein differentiation is vital for circulatory system development.
  • Notch signaling is known to influence artery endothelial cell differentiation in vertebrate embryos.
  • The precise timing and location of Notch activation in endothelial cell fate determination remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal and spatial dynamics of Notch signaling during zebrafish embryogenesis.
  • To determine the role of Notch activation in endothelial progenitor commitment and artery identity.
  • To elucidate the distinct developmental windows where Notch signaling regulates artery development.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized transgenic zebrafish with a Notch-responsive reporter system.
  • Performed lineage analysis to track cell fate.
  • Perturbed Notch receptor and ligand function to assess signaling roles.

Main Results:

  • Notch activation occurs in endothelial progenitors during vasculogenesis, preceding blood vessel formation.
  • Activated Notch signaling commits progenitors to a dorsal aorta fate and maintains arterial identity.
  • Some arterial cells downregulate Notch and contribute to vein formation during remodeling.

Conclusions:

  • Notch signaling initiates artery identity in endothelial progenitors during early development.
  • Notch signaling is maintained in arterial endothelial cells to sustain artery identity.
  • Distinct roles of Notch signaling occur at different developmental stages to promote artery commitment and maintenance.