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Author Spotlight: Oral Candida Diagnosis to Advance Clinical Treatment Regimen for pSS Patients
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Oral candidiasis in systemic lupus erythematosus
M Fangtham1, L S Magder2, M A Petri3
1Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine Division of Rheumatology, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Lupus
|March 7, 2014
Summary
Oral candidiasis is common in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), particularly in African-American patients and those with active disease. Risk factors include prednisone and immunosuppressive drug use.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Infectious Diseases
- Oral Medicine
Background:
- Oral candidiasis is a common opportunistic infection.
- Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients may be at increased risk due to immunosuppression and medications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the frequency of oral candidiasis in SLE patients.
- To identify demographic, disease-related, and treatment-associated risk factors for oral candidiasis in SLE.
Main Methods:
- Prospective cohort study of 2258 patients with SLE.
- Univariate, multivariate, and within-person regression models were used to analyze data.
- Data collected from 53,548 cohort visits.
Main Results:
- Oral candidiasis occurred in 14% of patients (675 visits).
- Associated factors included African-American ethnicity, high disease activity (SELENA-SLEDAI), high white blood cell count, prior bacterial infection, and use of prednisone and immunosuppressants.
- Higher proteinuria and hydroxychloroquine use showed non-significant associations.
Conclusions:
- Multiple risk factors for oral candidiasis in SLE were identified.
- Regular oral cavity inspection is recommended for SLE patients, especially those with active disease or on specific medications.
- Early detection and management of oral candidiasis are crucial in SLE patients.
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