Antigenic relationship between Mycobacterium paratuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium

¹Department of Microbiology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523.

|August 1, 1988

Summary

Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, the cause of bovine paratuberculosis, is not a single species. Most isolates may be variants of Mycobacterium avium, potentially making them more successful pathogens.

Area of Science:

Veterinary Microbiology
Immunology
Bacteriology

Background:

Mycobacterium paratuberculosis is the causative agent of Johne's disease (paratuberculosis) in ruminants.
It has been traditionally considered a distinct species within the Mycobacterium avium complex.
The antigenic composition of M. paratuberculosis isolates has been a subject of investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the antigenic heterogeneity of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis isolates.
To determine if M. paratuberculosis isolates share antigens with other members of the Mycobacterium avium complex.
To assess the implications of antigenic variation for pathogenicity.

Main Methods:

Analysis of prototype strains and field isolates of M. paratuberculosis.
Characterization of surface glycopeptidolipid antigens.
Comparison of isolates with serovar 8 of the M. avium complex.

Main Results:

Four prototype M. paratuberculosis strains possessed the type-specific glycopeptidolipid antigen of M. avium serovar 8.
This antigen featured a unique terminal sugar unit: 4,6-(1'-carboxyethylidene)-3-O-methyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl.
Two of 59 field isolates contained this antigen and were indistinguishable from M. avium serovar 8; most isolates lacked characteristic surface glycopeptidolipids.

Conclusions:

Mycobacterium paratuberculosis is not a homogeneous taxon.
Many M. paratuberculosis isolates may represent antigenically defective variants of M. avium.
This antigenic variation could contribute to their success as pathogens in ruminants.

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Background:

Purpose of the Study:

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Main Results:

Conclusions:

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