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Gross Anatomy of the Liver

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The liver, the largest gland within the human body, is a firm and reddish-brown organ. This wedge-shaped structure weighs approximately 1.5 kg and occupies a significant portion of the right hypochondriac and epigastric regions. It extends more to the right of the body's midline than to the left.
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Updated: May 2, 2026

Measurement of the Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient and Transjugular Liver Biopsy

Measurement of the Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient and Transjugular Liver Biopsy

Published on: June 18, 2020

Transjugular liver biopsy.

Kamal Pathak¹, Manoj Gopinath², K R Salgotra³

¹Consultant (Radiodiagnosis), Military Hospital (Cardiothoracic Centre), Pune-40, India.

Medical Journal, Armed Forces India

|March 7, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Transjugular liver biopsy is a safe and effective alternative for patients unable to undergo percutaneous liver biopsy due to conditions like coagulopathy or ascites. This method provides adequate tissue for diagnosis when the standard approach is contraindicated.

Keywords:

Adults Interventional radiology Transjugular liver biopsy

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Area of Science:

Hepatology
Interventional Radiology
Pathology

Background:

Liver biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing liver diseases.
Percutaneous liver biopsy is the preferred method but has contraindications.
Transjugular liver biopsy offers an alternative when percutaneous biopsy is not feasible.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of transjugular liver biopsy.
To assess its utility in patients with contraindications to percutaneous biopsy.

Main Methods:

67 transjugular liver biopsies were performed between January 2004 and February 2012.
Procedures involved jugular puncture under ultrasonography guidance and fluoroscopy.
Automated core biopsy needles were used for tissue acquisition.

Main Results:

Technical success was achieved in 96% of cases.
No major complications were reported.
Common indications included indeterminate chronic liver disease, coagulopathy, and ascites.

Conclusions:

Transjugular liver biopsy is a valuable tool for clinical decision-making.
It is a safe, well-tolerated, and effective procedure for obtaining adequate liver tissue.
This technique is crucial for patients with contraindications to percutaneous liver biopsy.