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Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...

Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets

Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets

Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...

Hand hygiene

Hand hygiene

Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
Hand washing...

Standard Precaution

Standard Precaution

Standard precautions are the minimum infection control safeguards used while caring for all patients, irrespective of their disease condition. They help prevent the spread of common infectious microorganisms to healthcare workers, patients, and visitors in all healthcare settings.
Hand hygiene is the most crucial means to prevent the transmission of disease. Employers are legally required to provide their workers with personal protective equipment (PPE) to minimize exposure or contact with...

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Povidone Iodine Rectal Preparation at Time of Prostate Needle Biopsy is a Simple and Reproducible Means to Reduce Risk of Procedural Infection

Povidone Iodine Rectal Preparation at Time of Prostate Needle Biopsy is a Simple and Reproducible Means to Reduce Risk of Procedural Infection

Published on: September 21, 2015

[Antibiotic prophylaxis in the operating room].

Kiyoshi Moriyama¹, Harumasa Nakazawa¹, Yoshiki Kawada¹

¹Department of Anesthesiology, Kyorin University, School of Medicine, Mitaka 181-8611.

Masui. the Japanese Journal of Anesthesiology

|March 8, 2014

Summary

Anesthesiologists did not always administer antibiotic prophylaxis on time before skin incision, with 22.8% of patients experiencing delays. Improving adherence to antibiotic prophylaxis protocols is crucial for preventing surgical site infections.

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PRP as a New Approach to Prevent Infection: Preparation and In vitro Antimicrobial Properties of PRP

PRP as a New Approach to Prevent Infection: Preparation and In vitro Antimicrobial Properties of PRP

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Last Updated: May 2, 2026

Povidone Iodine Rectal Preparation at Time of Prostate Needle Biopsy is a Simple and Reproducible Means to Reduce Risk of Procedural Infection

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Published on: September 21, 2015

Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses

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PRP as a New Approach to Prevent Infection: Preparation and In vitro Antimicrobial Properties of PRP

PRP as a New Approach to Prevent Infection: Preparation and In vitro Antimicrobial Properties of PRP

Published on: April 9, 2013

Area of Science:

Anesthesiology
Infectious Disease Prevention
Surgical Safety

Context:

The World Health Organization's surgical safety checklist emphasizes timely antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent surgical site infections (SSIs).
Adherence to the 60-minute window for antibiotic administration before skin incision is a key performance indicator.

Purpose:

To evaluate the adherence of anesthesiologists to the recommended timing of antibiotic prophylaxis administration before skin incision.
To identify the rate of compliance and potential delays in antibiotic prophylaxis.

Summary:

A retrospective analysis of 880 patients undergoing elective surgery revealed that antibiotic prophylaxis was not completed before skin incision in 22.8% of cases.
Delays in antibiotic administration were observed, particularly for patients receiving general surgery.

Impact:

Highlights a gap in the consistent application of evidence-based practices for SSI prevention.
Underscores the need for enhanced anesthesiologist education and improved adherence to antibiotic prophylaxis protocols in the operating room.