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Mucormycosis in systemic autoimmune diseases.
Mathieu Royer1, Xavier Puéchal2
1Service de rhumatologie, CHU d'Angers, 49933 Angers cedex 9, France.
Joint Bone Spine
|March 8, 2014
Summary
Mucormycosis is a dangerous emerging infection in patients with autoimmune diseases, particularly systemic lupus erythematosus. Early diagnosis is crucial as it often mimics disease flares and has a high mortality rate.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Rheumatology
- Immunology
Background:
- Mucormycosis is an emerging fungal infection.
- It is increasingly identified in patients with systemic autoimmune diseases.
- These infections can be severe and life-threatening.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and analyze all published cases of mucormycosis in patients with systemic autoimmune diseases.
- To understand the clinical features, diagnostic challenges, and treatment principles.
- To highlight the association between specific autoimmune diseases and mucormycosis.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of published literature on mucormycosis in systemic autoimmune diseases.
- Analysis of clinical presentations, diagnostic methods, and treatment outcomes.
- Identification of the most commonly associated autoimmune conditions.
Main Results:
- Twenty-four cases were identified, with 83% occurring in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
- Infections were frequently disseminated or rhinocerebral and often mimicked disease flares.
- A high mortality rate of 58.3% was observed.
Conclusions:
- Mucormycosis frequently mimics flares of underlying systemic autoimmune diseases.
- Systemic lupus erythematosus is the most commonly associated condition.
- High clinical suspicion and prompt exclusion of mucormycosis are vital in immunocompromised patients presenting with suspected disease flares.
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