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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
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Genetic variations significantly influence drug response through pharmacokinetics, receptor interactions, and biologic milieu modifications. Pharmacokinetic alterations impact drug metabolism and clearance, affecting efficacy and toxicity. Variants in drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, alter drug activation and elimination. For example, CYP2C9 loss-of-function variants require lower warfarin doses to prevent excessive bleeding, while CYP2C19 variants reduce clopidogrel...
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The human genome is over 99.9% identical between individuals, yet genetic differences exist at millions of bases. The human genome contains approximately 3 million variant positions per individual, many of which are heterozygous, contributing to genetic diversity and individual traits. Genetic variations include single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions, deletions, and copy number variations (CNVs).SNPs, the most common variation, involve single-base changes in DNA. These can be...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents
10:10

Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents

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Vascular tone pathway polymorphisms in relation to primary open-angle glaucoma.

J H Kang1, S J Loomis2, B L Yaspan3

  • 1Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Eye (London, England)
|March 8, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vascular tone genes were analyzed for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Specific genes involved in vascular tone regulation, particularly those affecting endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity, showed associations with POAG, especially early paracentral vision loss.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Genetics
  • Cardiovascular Biology

Background:

  • Vascular perfusion impairment is suspected in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).
  • Understanding the genetic basis of vascular tone regulation is crucial for POAG research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association of vascular tone-regulating genes with POAG.
  • To identify specific genes and pathways linked to POAG development and subtypes.

Main Methods:

  • Genotype data from 3108 POAG cases and 3430 controls were analyzed.
  • Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 186 vascular tone-regulating genes were compiled.
  • Pathway analysis was performed using the 'Pathway Analysis by Randomization Incorporating Structure' software.

Main Results:

  • The overall vascular tone pathway was not significantly associated with POAG.
  • Eight individual genes (PRKAA1, CAV1, ITPR3, EDNRB, GNB2, DNM2, HFE, MYL9) were associated with POAG.
  • Six of these genes are involved in endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity; three were linked to early paracentral visual field loss.

Conclusions:

  • While the overall vascular tone pathway is not linked to POAG, specific genes regulating vascular tone are associated with the condition.
  • Genes influencing endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity may play a role in POAG pathogenesis, particularly in early paracentral vision loss.