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Panic Disorder

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Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent and sudden minutes-long episodes of intense fear, known as panic attacks. These attacks may feel like heart attacks and often happen without warning or a specific cause. They can include symptoms such as rapid heart rate, shortness of breath, chest pain, trembling, sweating, dizziness, and a sense of helplessness. During a panic attack, individuals may feel as though they are experiencing a heart attack or are in a...

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Social Anxiety Disorder

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Behavior Therapy

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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both, which consume significant time and interfere with daily functioning. Obsessions involve persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that evoke anxiety. Common examples include irrational fears of contamination or harm. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions. For instance, individuals...

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Related Experiment Video

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Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm

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Panic disorder and exercise avoidance.

Ricardo W Muotri¹, Márcio A Bernik¹

¹Anxiety Disorders Program, Institute of Psychiatry and Department of Psychiatry, Universidade de São Paulo, São PauloSP, Brazil, Anxiety Disorders Program, Institute of Psychiatry and Department of Psychiatry, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Revista Brasileira De Psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)

|March 8, 2014

Summary

Patients with panic disorder, including the respiratory subtype, actively avoid exercise. This avoidance correlates with poorer cardiopulmonary exercise testing performance, regardless of panic disorder subtype.

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Area of Science:

Psychiatry
Cardiology
Exercise Physiology

Background:

Panic disorder is a condition characterized by recurrent, unexpected panic attacks.
The respiratory subtype of panic disorder may involve heightened sensitivity to physiological sensations associated with exercise.
Understanding exercise avoidance in panic disorder is crucial for developing effective treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine if patients with panic disorder, specifically the respiratory subtype, avoid exercise.
To compare cardiopulmonary function and exercise performance between panic disorder patients (respiratory and non-respiratory subtypes) and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

Panic disorder patients were categorized into respiratory and non-respiratory subtypes.
Exercise avoidance patterns and cardiopulmonary exercise testing were assessed.
Comparisons were made between panic disorder subtypes and a healthy control group.

Main Results:

Patients with panic disorder showed significantly higher exercise avoidance than controls.
Panic disorder patients performed worse on cardiopulmonary exercise testing compared to controls.
No significant differences in exercise avoidance or performance were observed between the respiratory and non-respiratory panic disorder subtypes.

Conclusions:

Exercise avoidance is a notable characteristic of panic disorder.
Poorer cardiopulmonary exercise testing performance is associated with exercise avoidance in panic disorder.
These findings apply broadly to panic disorder, not exclusively to the respiratory subtype.