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Heterogeneous Catalysis

Heterogeneous Catalysis

Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in a different phase from the reactants. It is a process where the catalyst and the reactants are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas or liquid.Most heterogeneous catalysts are metals, metal oxides, or acids. The list includes transition metals like iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). These metals possess partially vacant d orbitals that...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Microfluidic-based Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks COFs: A Tool for Continuous Production of COF Fibers and Direct Printing on a Surface

Microfluidic-based Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks COFs: A Tool for Continuous Production of COF Fibers and Direct Printing on a Surface

Published on: July 10, 2017

3D microporous base-functionalized covalent organic frameworks for size-selective catalysis.

Qianrong Fang¹, Shuang Gu, Jie Zheng

¹Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 (USA).

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)

|March 8, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed new 3D porous functionalized covalent organic frameworks (COFs). These novel COFs demonstrate high efficiency and selectivity as catalysts in chemical reactions, offering recyclability and potential for shape-selective catalysis.

Keywords:

covalent organic frameworks crystalline materials functionalized materials heterogeneous catalysis porous materials

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Published on: July 14, 2015

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Organic Chemistry
Catalysis

Background:

Designing and synthesizing 3D covalent organic frameworks (COFs) presents significant challenges.
Current applications of 3D COFs are primarily limited to gas adsorption.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and synthesize novel 3D microporous base-functionalized COFs.
To explore the catalytic potential of these new COFs in base-catalyzed reactions.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of two new 3D COFs (BF-COF-1 and BF-COF-2) using 1,3,5,7-tetraaminoadamantane (TAA) and either 1,3,5-triformylbenzene (TFB) or triformylphloroglucinol (TFP).
Evaluation of the synthesized COFs as catalysts in base-catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation reactions.

Main Results:

Both BF-COF-1 and BF-COF-2 exhibited high catalytic conversion rates (96% and 98%, respectively).
The COFs demonstrated significant size selectivity and good recyclability in the Knoevenagel condensation.
The materials possess a 3D microporous structure with base functionality.

Conclusions:

Porous functionalized 3D COFs represent a promising new class of catalysts.
These COFs show potential for applications in shape-selective catalysis.
The study highlights the successful synthesis and catalytic utility of novel base-functionalized 3D COFs.