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Related Experiment Videos

Encephalitogenic T cell clones with variant receptor specificity.

H Offner1, G A Hashim, Y K Chou

  • 1Neuroimmunology Research, V.A. Medical Center, Portland, OR 97201.

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|December 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Researchers investigated antigenic differences in basic protein (BP) from guinea pigs and rats. They found distinct T cell epitopes within rat BP, with some inducing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and others only hypersensitivity, highlighting varied T cell recognition.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Neuroscience
  • Protein Chemistry

Background:

  • Basic protein (BP) is implicated in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).
  • Understanding T cell recognition of BP epitopes is crucial for EAE pathogenesis.
  • Antigenic differences between species' BP may influence immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the fine specificity of T lymphocyte responses to guinea pig (GP)-BP and rat (Rt)-BP.
  • To identify and characterize T cell epitopes within the encephalitogenic region of BP.
  • To investigate the functional consequences of T cell recognition of distinct BP epitopes.

Main Methods:

  • Selection and analysis of T lymphocyte lines and clones from Lewis rats primed with GP-BP, Rt-BP, or specific peptides.

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  • Comparison of T cell recognition patterns using various BP peptides and sequences.
  • Adoptive transfer of T cells to assess delayed-type hypersensitivity and EAE induction.

    • Main Results:

    • T cell lines specific for GP-BP or Rt-BP recognized corresponding peptide sequences (72-89 and 72-84).
    • T cell clones from Rt-BP immunization showed distinct responses: some induced EAE and recognized multiple peptides, while others only caused hypersensitivity and recognized a specific peptide.
    • Rt-S55S sequence contains at least two T cell epitopes with differing specificities and functions.

    Conclusions:

    • The encephalitogenic region of rat BP contains distinct T cell epitopes.
    • One epitope is immunodominant and associated with EAE, while another is non-encephalitogenic.
    • Fine specificity of T cell recognition of encephalitogenic epitopes can vary without compromising encephalitogenicity.