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Referential communication by aphasic and nonaphasic adults.

C R Busch1, R H Brookshire, L E Nicholas

  • 1University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.

The Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders
|November 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Aphasic adults, particularly nonfluent types, effectively conveyed crucial information in communication tasks, similar to nonaphasic individuals. While some inaccuracies occurred, their communication strategies adapted to listener feedback.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurolinguistics
  • Communication Sciences

Background:

  • Aphasia, a language disorder resulting from brain damage, significantly impacts an individual's ability to communicate effectively.
  • Understanding the nuances of referential communication in aphasic adults is crucial for developing targeted therapeutic interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the referential communication abilities of adults with different types of aphasia (nonfluent, mixed, anomic).
  • To compare the efficiency, accuracy, and adaptive strategies of aphasic speakers against nonaphasic controls in a picture-description task.

Main Methods:

  • Participants included nonaphasic adults and aphasic adults across nonfluent, mixed, and anomic subtypes.
  • A referential communication task was employed where participants described pictures to a listener who identified the target from an array.
  • Communication efficiency, accuracy, and response to communication breakdowns were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Both aphasic and nonaphasic subjects identified and communicated essential information.
  • Nonaphasic and nonfluent aphasic subjects demonstrated higher communication efficiency compared to mixed and anomic aphasic subjects.
  • Nonfluent aphasic subjects matched nonaphasic speakers in communication efficiency.
  • Aphasic subjects communicated a small percentage (≤5%) of inaccurate information but adapted descriptions similarly to nonaphasic speakers when communication failed.

Conclusions:

  • Adults with aphasia, especially nonfluent types, can successfully convey critical information in referential tasks.
  • While minor inaccuracies exist, aphasic speakers demonstrate adaptive communication strategies comparable to nonaphasic individuals.
  • Findings highlight the potential for effective communication and targeted therapy in aphasia.

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