Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Stimulating the Lip Motor Cortex with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Published on: June 14, 2014
Unilateral cleft lip repair
Raj M Vyas1, Stephen M Warren1
1Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU School of Medicine, 33rd Street, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Abstract:
Modern cleft surgery requires four-dimensional and functional anatomic understanding of the cleft (and noncleft) lip, nose, and alveolus. Some techniques for nasolabial repair rely more on precise anatomic geometry, whereas others afford the surgeon a more flexible design. Consistent anthropometry enables accurate assessment and reporting of long-term outcomes; such reports are needed to guide perioperative care, delineate optimal repair principles, and resolve ongoing controversies.
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