Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Maintenance of the ES Cell State01:14

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

1.9K
The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
1.9K
Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

2.1K
Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
2.1K
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

22.9K
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
22.9K
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

4.8K
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic...
4.8K
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

3.4K
3.4K
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

1.5K
Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
1.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Chromosome X dosage modulates development of aneuploidy in genetically diverse mouse embryonic stem cells.

Stem cell reports·2026
Same author

Cell therapy for age-related macular degeneration.

Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society·2026
Same author

Improving rigor and reproducibility through implementation of the ISSCR standards for human stem cell use in research.

Stem cell reports·2026
Same author

Perspectives from the 2025 ISCBI/ISCI joint workshop on genetic stability, clonal monitoring, ethical data governance, and global inclusion in stem cell banking.

Stem cell research & therapy·2026
Same author

Pluripotent cell states and fates in human embryo models.

Development (Cambridge, England)·2025
Same author

Message from the editor-in-chief.

Stem cell reports·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Oct4GiP Reporter Assay to Study Genes that Regulate Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Maintenance and Self-renewal
08:01

Oct4GiP Reporter Assay to Study Genes that Regulate Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Maintenance and Self-renewal

Published on: May 30, 2012

10.1K

Stress management: a new path to pluripotency.

Martin F Pera1

  • 1University of Melbourne, Florey Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.

Cell Stem Cell
|March 11, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Scientists discovered a new method to reprogram mature somatic cells into embryonic-like stem cells. Stressful stimuli were used to convert cells, enabling them to generate all embryonic germ layers and placental tissue.

More Related Videos

A Two-Step Strategy that Combines Epigenetic Modification and Biomechanical Cues to Generate Mammalian Pluripotent Cells
08:01

A Two-Step Strategy that Combines Epigenetic Modification and Biomechanical Cues to Generate Mammalian Pluripotent Cells

Published on: August 29, 2020

1.9K
A Simple Method to Identify Kinases That Regulate Embryonic Stem Cell Pluripotency by High-throughput Inhibitor Screening
07:18

A Simple Method to Identify Kinases That Regulate Embryonic Stem Cell Pluripotency by High-throughput Inhibitor Screening

Published on: May 12, 2017

8.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 2, 2026

Oct4GiP Reporter Assay to Study Genes that Regulate Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Maintenance and Self-renewal
08:01

Oct4GiP Reporter Assay to Study Genes that Regulate Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Maintenance and Self-renewal

Published on: May 30, 2012

10.1K
A Two-Step Strategy that Combines Epigenetic Modification and Biomechanical Cues to Generate Mammalian Pluripotent Cells
08:01

A Two-Step Strategy that Combines Epigenetic Modification and Biomechanical Cues to Generate Mammalian Pluripotent Cells

Published on: August 29, 2020

1.9K
A Simple Method to Identify Kinases That Regulate Embryonic Stem Cell Pluripotency by High-throughput Inhibitor Screening
07:18

A Simple Method to Identify Kinases That Regulate Embryonic Stem Cell Pluripotency by High-throughput Inhibitor Screening

Published on: May 12, 2017

8.7K

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Cellular reprogramming

Background:

  • Somatic cells are mature cells with specialized functions.
  • Embryonic stem cells have the potential to differentiate into all cell types.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a novel method for cellular reprogramming.
  • To determine if somatic cells can be reverted to a pluripotent state.

Main Methods:

  • Applying various stressful stimuli to mature somatic cells.
  • Culturing reprogrammed cells to assess their differentiation potential.

Main Results:

  • Mature somatic cells were successfully reprogrammed into progenitor cells.
  • These progenitor cells could generate all three embryonic germ layer lineages.
  • The reprogrammed cells also contributed to placental tissue formation.

Conclusions:

  • A novel and effective method for cellular reprogramming has been developed.
  • Stress-induced reprogramming offers a new avenue for generating pluripotent stem cells.
  • This technique holds potential for regenerative medicine and developmental studies.