Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

4.5K
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
4.5K
Overview of Exosomes01:36

Overview of Exosomes

2.8K
Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...
2.8K
Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

Embryonic Stem Cells

4.5K
Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
4.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Combined antegrade femoral artery and retrograde popliteal artery recanalization for chronic occlusions of the superficial femoral artery.

Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR·2014
Same author

Stratified polymer brushes from microcontact printing of polydopamine initiator on polymer brush surfaces.

Macromolecular rapid communications·2014
Same author

Distinct morphological features of ruptured culprit plaque for acute coronary events compared to those with silent rupture and thin-cap fibroatheroma: a combined optical coherence tomography and intravascular ultrasound study.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology·2014
Same author

The ABI4-induced Arabidopsis ANAC060 transcription factor attenuates ABA signaling and renders seedlings sugar insensitive when present in the nucleus.

PLoS genetics·2014
Same author

Evaluation of global longitudinal strain of left ventricle and regional longitudinal strain in the region of left ventricular leads predicts the response to cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with ischemic heart failure.

Cell biochemistry and biophysics·2014
Same author

Association of apolipoprotein E polymorphism with maximal oxygen uptake after exercise training: a study of Chinese young adult.

Lipids in health and disease·2014
Same journal

Correction: Mahmud et al. Thymoquinone Attenuates NF-κβ Signalling Activation in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells Under AMD-Mimicking Conditions. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2025, <i>26</i>, 11473.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same journal

Correction: Borovikov et al. The Twisting and Untwisting of Actin and Tropomyosin Filaments Are Involved in the Molecular Mechanisms of Muscle Contraction, and Their Disruption Can Result in Muscle Disorders. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci</i>. 2025, <i>26</i>, 6705.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same journal

Correction: Molagoda et al. Flavonoid Glycosides from <i>Ziziphus jujuba</i> var. <i>inermis</i> (Bunge) Rehder Seeds Inhibit α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone-Mediated Melanogenesis. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2021, <i>22</i>, 7701.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same journal

Correction: Guo et al. Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis Reveals the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Maize Roots Under Lead Stress. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2024, <i>25</i>, 6050.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same journal

Correction: Chang et al. Improvement of Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Hepatic Failure by Transplantation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Without Reprogramming Factor c-Myc. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2012, <i>13</i>, 3598-3617.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same journal

Correction: Pînzariu et al. Gut Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids: Key Factors in Pediatric Obesity and Therapeutic Targets. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2025, <i>26</i>, 11503.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Large-Scale Preparation of Synovial Fluid Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes by 3D Bioreactor Culture
09:48

Large-Scale Preparation of Synovial Fluid Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes by 3D Bioreactor Culture

Published on: July 26, 2022

4.5K

Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells.

Bo Yu1, Xiaomin Zhang2, Xiaorong Li3

  • 1Department of the Uveitis & Ocular Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital & Eye Institute, No. 251 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300384, China. yubo4950@126.com.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|March 11, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) research highlights their paracrine function. MSC-derived exosomes show therapeutic potential, mimicking MSC functions with advantages like stability and reduced immune rejection.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Standardizing and Improving the Extraction and Purification of Extracellular Vesicles from Human ADSCs
04:54

Author Spotlight: Standardizing and Improving the Extraction and Purification of Extracellular Vesicles from Human ADSCs

Published on: May 3, 2024

1.4K
Isolation, Characterization, and Therapeutic Application of Extracellular Vesicles from Cultured Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
07:03

Isolation, Characterization, and Therapeutic Application of Extracellular Vesicles from Cultured Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Published on: September 23, 2022

2.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 2, 2026

Large-Scale Preparation of Synovial Fluid Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes by 3D Bioreactor Culture
09:48

Large-Scale Preparation of Synovial Fluid Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes by 3D Bioreactor Culture

Published on: July 26, 2022

4.5K
Author Spotlight: Standardizing and Improving the Extraction and Purification of Extracellular Vesicles from Human ADSCs
04:54

Author Spotlight: Standardizing and Improving the Extraction and Purification of Extracellular Vesicles from Human ADSCs

Published on: May 3, 2024

1.4K
Isolation, Characterization, and Therapeutic Application of Extracellular Vesicles from Cultured Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
07:03

Isolation, Characterization, and Therapeutic Application of Extracellular Vesicles from Cultured Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Published on: September 23, 2022

2.3K

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are increasingly studied for their therapeutic potential.
  • Evidence suggests MSCs primarily function through paracrine mechanisms, releasing bioactive factors.
  • MSC-conditioned medium and its components, particularly exosomes, are key research areas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the properties and biological functions of MSC-derived exosomes.
  • To discuss the underlying mechanisms of exosome-mediated MSC functions.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of MSC-derived exosomes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on MSC-derived exosomes.
  • Analysis of research investigating the biological functions and mechanisms of MSC exosomes.
  • Comparison of exosome properties with MSCs for therapeutic applications.

Main Results:

  • MSC-derived exosomes exhibit functions similar to parent MSCs, including tissue repair, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects.
  • Exosomes offer advantages over cells, such as enhanced stability, storability, and reduced risk of immune rejection.
  • While promising, the precise mechanisms of MSC exosome action require further elucidation.

Conclusions:

  • MSC-derived exosomes represent a promising cell-free therapeutic alternative.
  • Exosomes may overcome limitations associated with traditional MSC therapy.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand and optimize MSC exosome-based therapies.