Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bipolar Disorder01:30

Bipolar Disorder

1.4K
Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition marked by significant mood fluctuations, including episodes of mania and depression. Elevated energy levels, heightened mood or irritability, impulsive behavior, reduced sleep needs, rapid speech, racing thoughts, inflated self-esteem, and distractibility characterize mania. Individuals with bipolar disorder often alternate between depressive and manic states, with periods of emotional stability lasting an average of six months to a year.
1.4K
Mania and Antimanic Drugs: Overview01:24

Mania and Antimanic Drugs: Overview

800
Mania, a psychological condition characterized by elevated mood, increased energy, and reduced sleep need, is part of the bipolar disorder cycle. The exact cause of mania isn't entirely known, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurological factors. Bipolar disorder involves alternating manic and depressive episodes. Mood stabilizers like lithium, antipsychotics, and anticonvulsants help manage these episodes. Lithium carbonate is particularly effective as...
800
Borderline Personality Disorder01:25

Borderline Personality Disorder

1.1K
Borderline Personality Disorder is a complex and multifaceted mental health condition characterized by pervasive instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, emotions, and impulse control. This instability manifests in extreme emotional reactions, fear of abandonment, and self-destructive behaviors. The disorder significantly impacts daily functioning, often leading to distress in both personal and professional domains.
Genetic and Environmental Contributions
Borderline Personality...
1.1K
Positive Symptoms Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions01:26

Positive Symptoms Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions

1.1K
Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by a range of symptoms that significantly impact cognition, behavior, and emotional regulation. Among these, the positive symptoms stand out as they involve the addition or exaggeration of normal mental functions, deviating markedly from typical behavior and perception. Hallucinations and delusions are prominent positive symptoms, each profoundly affecting the individual's experience of reality.
Hallucinations
Hallucinations in...
1.1K
Beck's Cognitive Therapy01:25

Beck's Cognitive Therapy

616
Cognitive therapy is a psychological approach designed to address distortions in thinking, which can lead to negative emotions and unrealistic beliefs. These cognitive distortions often influence how individuals interpret and respond to situations, exacerbating emotional distress. Below are some prevalent cognitive distortions, their characteristics, and examples of how they manifest in thought processes.
Arbitrary Inference
Arbitrary inference involves making conclusions without sufficient...
616
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)01:27

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)

2.0K
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
2.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Rapid Onset and Sustained Efficacy of Onfasprodil (MIJ821), a Novel NR2B Negative Allosteric Modulator, in Patients With Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Phase 2, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Proof-of-Concept Study.

The Journal of clinical psychiatry·2025
Same author

Cognitive decline and political leadership.

Politics and the life sciences : the journal of the Association for Politics and the Life Sciences·2024
Same author

In the Tradition of William Osler: A New Biohumanistic Model of Psychiatry.

Perspectives in biology and medicine·2024
Same author

MIJ821 (onfasprodil) in healthy volunteers: First-in-human, randomized, placebo-controlled study (single ascending dose and repeated intravenous dose).

Clinical and translational science·2023
Same author

Affective Temperaments Misdiagnosed as Adult Attention Deficit Disorder: Prevalence and Treatment Effects.

The Journal of nervous and mental disease·2023
Same author

Second messengers and their importance for novel drug treatments of patients with bipolar disorder.

International review of psychiatry (Abingdon, England)·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Developing a Rat Model for Bipolar Disorder
04:42

Developing a Rat Model for Bipolar Disorder

Published on: May 2, 2025

1.7K

The bipolar spectrum: conceptions and misconceptions.

S Nassir Ghaemi1, Shannon Dalley

  • 11Mood Disorders Program, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, USA.

The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
|March 11, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Bipolar spectrum concepts, rooted in Kraepelinian manic-depressive illness, are distinct from borderline personality disorder. These scientifically testable concepts differentiate mood disorders from trauma-related conditions.

Keywords:
AkiskalDSM-5KoukopoulosKraepelinLeonhardbipolar spectrumborderline personalitymixedtemperaments

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Therapeutic Benefit of Closed-Loop Deep Brain Stimulation in Depression Treatment
05:19

Author Spotlight: Therapeutic Benefit of Closed-Loop Deep Brain Stimulation in Depression Treatment

Published on: July 7, 2023

3.8K
Behavioral Characterization of Pentylenetetrazole-induced Seizures: Moving Beyond the Racine Scale
07:35

Behavioral Characterization of Pentylenetetrazole-induced Seizures: Moving Beyond the Racine Scale

Published on: July 8, 2025

1.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 2, 2026

Developing a Rat Model for Bipolar Disorder
04:42

Developing a Rat Model for Bipolar Disorder

Published on: May 2, 2025

1.7K
Author Spotlight: Therapeutic Benefit of Closed-Loop Deep Brain Stimulation in Depression Treatment
05:19

Author Spotlight: Therapeutic Benefit of Closed-Loop Deep Brain Stimulation in Depression Treatment

Published on: July 7, 2023

3.8K
Behavioral Characterization of Pentylenetetrazole-induced Seizures: Moving Beyond the Racine Scale
07:35

Behavioral Characterization of Pentylenetetrazole-induced Seizures: Moving Beyond the Racine Scale

Published on: July 8, 2025

1.8K

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychopathology
  • Mental Health

Background:

  • Bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) were separated in DSM III, diverging from Kraepelin's unified manic-depressive insanity (MDI) concept.
  • The bipolar spectrum concept revisits Kraepelin's broader perspective.
  • Concerns exist regarding the vagueness and potential overinclusiveness of bipolar spectrum concepts, and their overlap with borderline personality disorder.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address concerns about the overinclusiveness and vagueness of bipolar spectrum concepts.
  • To clarify the distinction between bipolar illness and borderline personality disorder.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review.
  • Analysis of historical and empirical studies.

Main Results:

  • Bipolar spectrum concepts align with the historical Kraepelinian MDI perspective.
  • Bipolar illness is distinguished from borderline personality by factors like family history, severe mood episodes with psychomotor activation versus dissociative symptoms, trauma history, and self-harm.
  • The term 'disorder' can obscure ontological differences between distinct conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Bipolar spectrum concepts are historically grounded in Kraepelin's work and are scientifically testable.
  • These concepts can be clearly formulated and differentiated from traumatic/dissociative conditions.
  • The distinction between bipolar illness and borderline personality disorder is historically and scientifically established.