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5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
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Questionnaire-based survey on chemotherapy-induced anemia.

Asashi Tanaka1, Ichiro Yoshino, Shigeyoshi Makino

  • 1Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Hachioji Medical Center of Tokyo Medical University, 1163 Tate-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 193-0998, Japan, asashi-t@tokyo-med.ac.jp.

International Journal of Clinical Oncology
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Chemotherapy-induced anemia (CIA) affects many cancer patients, with strict transfusion limits. Alternative therapies like erythropoiesis-stimulating agents are needed to improve quality of life for these patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Hematology
  • Clinical Pharmacy

Background:

  • Chemotherapy-induced anemia (CIA) is a common complication in cancer patients.
  • Understanding the current status of CIA and blood transfusion practices in Japan is crucial for patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the current status of chemotherapy-induced anemia (CIA) in Japan.
  • To analyze blood transfusion rates, volumes, anemia severity, and influencing factors in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • A questionnaire-based survey was conducted from September to November 2010.
  • Data analyzed included chemotherapy use, blood transfusion rates and volumes, anemia severity, and factors affecting transfusion decisions across eight cancer types.
  • Estimated national transfusion volumes and patient numbers with low hemoglobin levels were calculated.

Main Results:

  • Anemia requiring blood transfusion occurred in 7.5% of chemotherapy patients across eight cancer types.
  • An estimated 146,000 units of red blood cells are transfused annually to cancer patients with CIA in Japan.
  • Many patients with hemoglobin levels below 10 g/dL did not receive transfusions, and transfusions were rarely given for hemoglobin levels above 8.0 g/dL.

Conclusions:

  • Red blood cell transfusions are strictly restricted for cancer patients with CIA in Japan.
  • There is a significant need for alternative therapies, such as erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, to manage CIA.
  • Alternative therapies can help increase hemoglobin levels and improve the quality of life for cancer patients experiencing CIA.