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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

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Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
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Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

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Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a valvular heart disorder in which the mitral valve fails to close tightly, allowing blood to leak backward into the heart. Understanding the clinical manifestations, assessment, diagnostic findings, and medical management of MR is crucial to effectively managing affected patients.Clinical Manifestations of Mitral RegurgitationMitral regurgitation can be acute or chronic, each presenting differently and requiring different approaches:1. Acute Mitral...
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Mitral Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management01:28

Mitral Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management

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Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a condition where the mitral valve does not close properly, leading to the backward flow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium during systole. This condition can arise from various causes, including rheumatic fever, infective endocarditis, or degenerative valve disease. Effective nursing management is crucial to optimizing patient outcomes and involves comprehensive assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed...
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Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

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Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...
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Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

1.8K
Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
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Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

557
Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
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Collateral-dependent ischemic mitral regurgitation.

Jean Marc Weinstein1, Gizela Kidman, Reuben Ilia

  • 1Cardiology Department, Soroka University Medical Center, PO Box 151, Beer-Sheva, Israel. iliar@bgu.ac.il.

The Journal of Invasive Cardiology
|March 11, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Ischemic mitral regurgitation (MR) typically stems from chronic heart changes. This case highlights dynamic MR in acute ischemia, linked to coronary collateral flow changes.

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An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat
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High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart
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An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat
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An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat

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High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart
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High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiac Physiology
  • Ischemic Heart Disease

Background:

  • Ischemic mitral regurgitation (MR) pathogenesis is debated, often linked to chronic left ventricular dysfunction or remodeling.
  • Existing literature primarily focuses on chronic ischemic MR, with limited data on acute ischemic MR.

Observation:

  • A case of dynamic mitral regurgitation (MR) during acute ischemia is presented.
  • The MR severity fluctuated and was directly correlated with changes in coronary collateral flow.

Findings:

  • Acute ischemia can cause dynamic mitral regurgitation (MR) independent of chronic ventricular remodeling.
  • Coronary collateral flow is a critical factor influencing the severity of MR in acute ischemic events.

Implications:

  • This case challenges traditional views on ischemic MR pathogenesis.
  • Understanding the role of acute ischemia and collateral flow is crucial for managing MR in emergent cardiac scenarios.
  • Further research into dynamic MR mechanisms in acute settings is warranted.