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Is there a Cl- pump?

G A Gerencser¹, J F White, D Gradmann

¹Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610.

The American Journal of Physiology

|November 1, 1988

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The existence of a primary active chloride (Cl-) pump in plasma membranes remains unproven. While some studies report Cl--stimulated ATPase activity, its localization and function as a Cl- pump are debated, requiring reader evaluation.

Area of Science:

Cellular Biology
Biochemistry
Membrane Transport

Background:

Three established mechanisms govern Cl- transport across plasma membranes: anion-coupled antiport, cation-coupled symport, and primary active ion transport.
Despite these mechanisms, direct evidence for a primary active Cl- transport (Cl- pump) is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

To critically evaluate the evidence for a primary active Cl- pump.
To address the controversy surrounding Cl--stimulated ATPase activity and its role in Cl- transport.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on Cl- transport mechanisms.
Analysis of studies reporting Cl--stimulated ATPase activity and its cellular localization.

Main Results:

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Numerous reports exist for cellular Cl--stimulated ATPase activity and Cl- transport not explained by known mechanisms.

Evidence suggests Cl--stimulated ATPase activity is localized to mitochondrial and microsomal fractions.

Controversy exists regarding the interpretation of microsomal localization, with some attributing it to mitochondrial contamination.

Conclusions:

The existence of a plasma membrane Cl- pump is not unequivocally proven.
Conflicting interpretations of experimental data necessitate critical reader evaluation to resolve the question of a Cl- pump's existence.