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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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Lipid-derived Compounds in the Human Body01:31

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Fats and lipids are crucial components in the human body. Some lipid-derived compounds, such as fat-soluble vitamins, eicosanoids, lipoproteins, and glycolipids, also play unique roles to support various  biological processes .
Fat-soluble Vitamins
Fat-soluble vitamins, including vitamins A, D, E, and K, are required in minimal quantities, but their deficiencies can lead to severely abnormal physiological conditions. For example, vitamin A deficiency can cause night blindness, dry skin,...
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Inflammatory Response01:28

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An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
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What are Lipids?01:38

What are Lipids?

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Overview
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Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:18

Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements

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Lipids are an essential component of a balanced human diet. Triglycerides, which make up the majority of dietary lipids, are found in both saturated fats—commonly present in meat, dairy products, and certain tropical plants like coconut, and hydrogenated oils such as margarine and baking shortenings (trans fats)—and unsaturated fats, which are abundant in seeds, nuts, olive oil, and most vegetable oils. The main sources of cholesterol include egg yolks, various meats and organ...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Development and Functional Characterization of Murine Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells
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Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid-derived lipid mediators and T cell function.

Anna Nicolaou1, Claudio Mauro2, Paula Urquhart1

  • 1Manchester Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester , Manchester , UK.

Frontiers in Immunology
|March 11, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Polyunsaturated fatty acids modulate T cell immunity through membrane changes and bioactive lipid mediators. Understanding these mechanisms offers therapeutic potential for immune regulation.

Keywords:
T cellscyclooxygenaseeicosanoidsendocannabinoidsleukotrieneslipoxygenasepolyunsaturated fatty acidsprostaglandins

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Lipid Metabolism

Background:

  • Fatty acids serve dual roles in T cells: energy sources and signaling molecules.
  • Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) possess immunomodulatory effects on T cell-mediated events.
  • Mechanisms involve alterations in cell membrane composition and signaling pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of PUFA immunomodulatory actions in T cells.
  • To explore how PUFA-induced membrane changes affect signaling pathways.
  • To investigate the role of lipid mediators derived from PUFAs in T cell function.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of PUFA effects on T cell membrane composition.
  • Investigation of signaling pathways associated with membrane rafts.
  • Identification and characterization of PUFA-derived lipid mediators (e.g., prostaglandins, leukotrienes).
  • Assessment of how these mediators impact T cell activation, differentiation, and cytokine production.

Main Results:

  • PUFAs alter T cell membrane composition, influencing raft-associated protein signaling.
  • Enzymatic transformation of PUFAs yields bioactive lipid mediators.
  • These mediators, acting via cell surface receptors, significantly affect T cell activation, proliferation, and cytokine profiles.
  • PUFA metabolites impact T cell motility and homing.

Conclusions:

  • PUFAs exert immunomodulatory effects on T cells via both direct membrane alterations and indirect actions of their lipid metabolites.
  • Understanding these pathways is crucial for developing targeted immunoregulatory therapies.
  • Lipid mediators derived from PUFAs represent key targets for therapeutic intervention in T cell-mediated diseases.