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Subjective Refraction Test Using a Smartphone for Vision Screening
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Gnathological features in growing subjects.

Fabiana Ballanti1, Salvatore Ranieri1, Alberto Baldini1

  • 1Department of Orthodontics, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, Italy.

Annali Di Stomatologia
|March 11, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study found temporomandibular disorders (TMD) prevalence was 13.9% in 580 subjects. TMDs were not significantly associated with age, gender, Angle Class, cross-bite, or chewing side in this sample.

Keywords:
dental malocclusionsepidemiological studyskeletal discrepancytemporomandibular disorders

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Orthodontics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) represent a group of conditions affecting the temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscles.
  • Understanding the prevalence and associated factors of TMD is crucial for targeted prevention and treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in a consecutive sample of 580 subjects.
  • To investigate potential associations between TMD and demographic and dental parameters.

Main Methods:

  • A sample of 580 subjects (mean age 13.4 years) underwent case history, extraoral, intraoral, and functional examinations.
  • Data collected included social/demographic parameters, face proportions, dental occlusion, mandibular movements, joint sounds, and myofascial pain.
  • Statistical analysis using the Chi-squared test with Yates correction compared TMD rates across groups based on gender, age, Angle Dental Class, cross-bite, midline deviation, and chewing side.

Main Results:

  • The overall prevalence of TMDs in the sample was 13.9%.
  • Prevalence rates did not show significant differences based on age groups (7.3% vs. 16.1%), gender (16.6% female vs. 10.8% male), or Angle Dental Class (14% Class I, 15% Class II, 9% Class III).
  • No significant association was found between TMDs and the presence of cross-bite (13.8% vs. 14.3%), though a trend was observed with midline deviation (15% none, 15.8% functional, 4.7% anatomical). Unilateral chewing showed a higher prevalence (28%) compared to bilateral chewing (12.6%).

Conclusions:

  • Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) prevalence in this adolescent sample was 13.9%.
  • The study suggests that TMDs are not significantly associated with age, gender, Angle Dental Class, cross-bite, or chewing side in this population.
  • Further research may be needed to explore the relationship between midline deviation and TMDs.