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Updated: May 2, 2026

Intraoperative Ultrasound in Spinal Surgery
Published on: August 17, 2022
I Antonescu1, C L Mueller, G M Fried
1Steinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are crucial for evaluating surgical quality but are inconsistently used. This study highlights the need for better integration of PROs alongside traditional surgical endpoints in clinical research.
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