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Related Concept Videos

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II01:19

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II

137
Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification01:23

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification

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Modified-release drug delivery systems improve drug efficacy and minimize side effects by controlling the rate and location of drug release. These systems fall into three categories: rate-programmed, stimuli-activated, and site-targeted.Rate-programmed systems release drugs at a predetermined rate, maintaining consistent therapeutic levels and reducing fluctuations that could lead to toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. These systems use polymeric matrices, reservoir-based designs, or osmotic...
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Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers01:24

Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers

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Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated01:30

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated

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Stimuli-activated drug delivery systems are designed to release drugs in response to specific physical, chemical, or biological stimuli. These systems often utilize hydrogels—three-dimensional, hydrophilic polymer networks capable of swelling in aqueous environments and retaining significant fluid volumes. Upon exposure to particular stimuli, these hydrogels undergo structural transitions that allow the embedded drug to be released. Due to this adaptive behavior, such systems are also...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Drug Release Characteristics01:22

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Drug Release Characteristics

257
Drug release from modified-release dosage forms is designed to achieve specific therapeutic effects by controlling the rate and extent of drug release. The classification of these drug release systems is based on key pharmacokinetic assumptions: drug disposition follows first-order kinetics, drug release is the rate-limiting step in absorption, and the released drug is rapidly and completely absorbed.There are four major models of drug release patterns. The first model is the slow zero-order...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I01:22

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I

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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to release drugs at specific, controlled rates to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. These systems are categorized based on their release mechanisms, including dissolution-controlled DDS, diffusion-controlled DDS, and combined dissolution-diffusion-controlled DDS.In dissolution-controlled DDS, the release rate depends on the slow dissolution of the drug itself or the surrounding matrix. Drugs with inherently slow dissolution rates,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Alternating Magnetic Field-Responsive Hybrid Gelatin Microgels for Controlled Drug Release
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25th anniversary article: double emulsion templated solid microcapsules: mechanics and controlled release.

Sujit S Datta1, Alireza Abbaspourrad, Esther Amstad

  • 1Department of Physics and SEAS, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|March 12, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Droplet microfluidics enables precise fabrication of solid-shelled microcapsules. These microcapsules offer controlled release triggered by stimuli, time, or rate, advancing smart material applications.

Keywords:
controlled releasedouble emulsionsmechanicsmicrocapsulesmicrofluidics

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Microcapsules are essential for controlled delivery systems.
  • Traditional fabrication methods often lack precision in size and composition.
  • Stimuli-responsive materials require advanced manufacturing techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the fabrication of solid-shelled microcapsules using droplet microfluidics.
  • To demonstrate precise control over microcapsule properties and release behavior.
  • To review applications in stimuli-responsive and time-delayed release systems.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized glass capillary devices for generating monodisperse double emulsion drops.
  • Employed microfluidic control to precisely tune microcapsule composition and geometry.
  • Investigated microcapsule formation using double emulsion drops as templates.

Main Results:

  • Achieved highly monodisperse double emulsion drops, serving as reliable templates.
  • Demonstrated exquisite control over microcapsule characteristics (composition, geometry).
  • Fabricated microcapsules with tunable release profiles (stimulus, time, rate).

Conclusions:

  • Droplet microfluidics offers unparalleled precision in microcapsule fabrication.
  • This method enables the creation of advanced microcapsules with tailored release functions.
  • The technology holds significant potential for smart drug delivery and responsive materials.