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Restless legs syndrome and multiple sclerosis: a population based case-control study in Catania, Sicily
E Bruno1, A Nicoletti, S Messina
1Section of Neurosciences, Department GF Ingrassia, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Background And Purpose:
A population-based case-control study in the city of Catania, Sicily, was carried out to determine restless legs syndrome (RLS) prevalence and its association with multiple sclerosis (MS).
Methods:
Patients were randomly selected from a cohort of MS patients resident in the study area and a group of age and sex matched controls was enrolled from the general population. RLS was diagnosed according to the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group criteria.
Results:
In total, 152 MS patients and 431 controls were included in the study. A significantly higher prevalence of RLS amongst MS patients (14.5%) compared with controls (6.0%) was detected, corresponding to an almost threefold increased risk (odds ratio 2.7, 95% confidence interval 1.4-5.0) of developing RLS. Spinal cord lesions in MS patients were associated with a higher risk of RLS (odds ratio 3.7, 95% confidence interval 1.1-13.5).
Conclusion:
RLS was strongly associated with MS, with a significantly higher risk in patients presenting spinal cord lesions.
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