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Parthenium dermatitis: is parthenolide an effective choice for patch testing?

Vikram K Mahajan1, Vikas Sharma, Mrinal Gupta

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), 176001, India.

Contact Dermatitis
|March 13, 2014
PubMed
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Parthenium dermatitis diagnosis is less effective with parthenolide compared to parthenium extract. Parthenium extract patch testing identifies more cases of parthenium contact sensitivity.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Allergology
  • Contact Dermatitis

Background:

  • Parthenium dermatitis is a significant concern, particularly in regions with high exposure.
  • Previous patch testing methods using parthenium extract have been standard.
  • A shift towards using parthenolide alone in diagnostic series has raised questions about its efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the diagnostic accuracy of parthenolide versus parthenium extract for parthenium contact dermatitis.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of parthenolide in detecting parthenium sensitivity in clinically suspected cases.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective patch testing of 100 patients with suspected parthenium dermatitis.
  • Utilized Indian baseline series, parthenium extract (1% aqueous), and parthenolide (0.5% petrolatum).
Keywords:
Parthenium hysterophorusairborne contact dermatitispartheninparthenium dermatitisparthenium extractparthenolidepatch testing

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  • Conducted between July 2011 and April 2012.

    • Main Results:

    • Only 37% of patients showed positive reactions to either parthenium extract or parthenolide.
    • Parthenium extract elicited reactions in 32 patients, while parthenolide reacted in 17 patients.
    • Reactions to parthenium extract were generally more intense than those to parthenolide.

    Conclusions:

    • Parthenolide (0.5% petrolatum) is less sensitive in detecting suspected parthenium dermatitis than parthenium extract (1% aqueous).
    • Current diagnostic protocols may underestimate parthenium contact sensitivity when relying solely on parthenolide.