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Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

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Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
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The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
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Altered functional connectivity and performance variability in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

Magdalena Wojtowicz1, Erin L Mazerolle2, Virender Bhan3

  • 1Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Canada.

Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)
|March 13, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients show more variable cognitive task performance. Increased resting-state functional connectivity in the brain

Keywords:
Multiple sclerosisdefault mode networkfunctional connectivityinformation processing speedintra-individual variabilityresting state fMRI

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neurology
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by slower and more variable cognitive performance, particularly in attention and information processing speed.
  • Cognitive performance variability is a significant predictor of neurological status in MS patients, offering a unique metric for cognitive assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how resting-state functional connectivity is altered in relation to within-person performance variability in individuals with MS.
  • To explore the neural underpinnings of cognitive variability in MS patients using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI).

Main Methods:

  • Structural MRI and rsfMRI scans were acquired from relapsing-remitting MS patients and matched healthy controls.
  • Cognitive performance variability was quantified using reaction time tests measuring information processing speed.
  • Functional connectivity within the default mode network (DMN) was analyzed, and its relationship with performance variability in MS patients was assessed.

Main Results:

  • MS patients exhibited significantly greater variability in reaction time performance compared to healthy controls (p<0.05).
  • In MS patients, enhanced stability in complex processing speed tasks correlated with increased resting-state functional connectivity between the ventral medial prefrontal cortex and the frontal pole.

Conclusions:

  • Greater functional connectivity between the medial prefrontal cortex and frontal pole regions is associated with improved performance stability in MS patients.
  • These findings suggest that specific brain network connectivity patterns can facilitate cognitive stability in individuals with multiple sclerosis.