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Noncoding RNAs and atherosclerosis.

Binod Aryal1, Noemi Rotllan1, Carlos Fernández-Hernando1

  • 1Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.

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Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are crucial in cardiovascular diseases like atherosclerosis. This review highlights their role and potential as therapeutic targets for heart conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are RNA molecules not translated into proteins.
  • Emerging evidence implicates ncRNAs in physiological and pathological processes, including cancer and cardiovascular diseases.
  • Atherosclerosis, a major cardiovascular disease, is increasingly recognized to be influenced by ncRNAs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on the role of ncRNAs in atherosclerosis.
  • To highlight the importance of microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in cardiovascular disease progression.
  • To discuss the potential of ncRNAs as therapeutic targets for atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on ncRNAs and atherosclerosis.
  • Analysis of the regulatory mechanisms of microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs.
  • Discussion of the functional significance of various ncRNAs in atherogenesis.

Main Results:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are well-characterized ncRNAs regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally.
  • miRNAs impact endothelial cells, vascular smooth cells, macrophages, and lipoprotein metabolism in atherosclerosis.
  • Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as significant regulators of atherosclerosis progression.

Conclusions:

  • ncRNAs, particularly miRNAs and lncRNAs, play critical roles in the development and progression of atherosclerosis.
  • The precise molecular mechanisms and functions of many ncRNAs in atherogenesis require further investigation.
  • ncRNAs represent promising therapeutic targets for cardiovascular diseases like atherosclerosis.