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Presenting quantitative information about decision outcomes: a risk communication primer for patient decision aid
BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making
|March 15, 2014
Summary
Effective risk communication enhances patient decision-making by clearly presenting numeric outcomes. Best practices for patient decision aids (PtDAs) improve understanding of health evidence and risk perception.
Area of Science:
- Health Communication
- Decision Science
- Risk Perception
Background:
- Evidence-based decision-making requires comparing options with quantified outcomes.
- Understanding numeric estimates improves patient risk perception and informed choices.
- This paper outlines best practices for communicating evidence-based numeric outcomes in patient decision aids (PtDAs).
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize current best practices in communicating evidence-based numeric outcomes.
- To guide developers of patient decision aids (PtDAs) and health communication tools.
- To enhance patient understanding of health risks and evidence.
Main Methods:
- An expert consensus group identified eleven key issues in risk communication.
- Two experts per issue synthesized evidence from relevant scientific literature.
- Guiding principles and key messages were derived from the evidence summaries.
Main Results:
- Eleven key components of risk communication were identified, including presenting chances of events, changes in outcomes, and uncertainty.
- Visual formats, tailoring estimates, and interactive web-based formats are crucial.
- Guiding principles emphasize reflecting user tasks, defining reference classes, using consistent formats, and considering audience numeracy.
Conclusions:
- A robust evidence base supports effective risk communication strategies.
- Applying these principles can significantly improve the quality of risk communication in practice.
- Developers of decision-making tools should integrate these best practices.
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