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Published on: May 23, 2025
Acquired hyperpigmentations
Tania Ferreira Cestari1, Lia Pinheiro Dantas2, Juliana Catucci Boza3
1Rio Grande do Sul Federal University, Internal Medicine Department, Porto Alegre(RS), Brazil, PhD - Associate Professor at the Internal Medicine Department, at Rio Grande do Sul Federal University (UFRGS). Teaching Professor at the Child and Adolescent Health Sciences and the Surgical Post-Graduation Programs at Rio Grande do Sul Federal University (UFRGS). Chief of the Dermatology Department at Porto Alegre Clinics Hospital - Rio Grande do Sul Federal University (HCPA-UFRGS) - Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil.
Abstract:
Cutaneous hyperpigmentations are frequent complaints, motivating around 8.5% of all dermatological consultations in our country. They can be congenital, with different patterns of inheritance, or acquired in consequence of skin problems, systemic diseases or secondary to environmental factors. The vast majority of them are linked to alterations on the pigment melanin, induced by different mechanisms. This review will focus on the major acquired hyperpigmentations associated with increased melanin, reviewing their mechanisms of action and possible preventive measures. Particularly prominent aspects of diagnosis and therapy will be emphasized, with focus on melasma, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, periorbital pigmentation, dermatosis papulosa nigra, phytophotodermatoses, flagellate dermatosis, erythema dyschromicum perstans, cervical poikiloderma (Poikiloderma of Civatte), acanthosis nigricans, cutaneous amyloidosis and reticulated confluent dermatitis.
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