Hearing loss in children with HIV/AIDS
Ana Karina Lima Buriti1, Simone Helena Dos Santos Oliveira1, Lilian Ferreira Muniz2
1Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João PessoaPB, Brazil, Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB - João Pessoa (PB), Brazil.
Codas
|March 15, 2014
Summary
Hearing loss is common in children with HIV, with most cases linked to antiretroviral therapy and otitis. Early auditory monitoring and intervention are crucial for development.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Audiology
Background:
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection can impact various organ systems, including the auditory system.
- Children with HIV are at risk for hearing impairments, potentially affecting their development and quality of life.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of hearing loss in children living with HIV.
- To explore the association between hearing loss and factors such as viral load, opportunistic infections, and antiretroviral treatment (ART).
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 23 HIV-positive children in Brazil.
- Data collection included parental questionnaires on clinical and hearing health, followed by audiological assessments.
- Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis.
Main Results:
- A high prevalence of hearing loss was observed, affecting 84.8% of ears examined.
- Otitis was the most frequent opportunistic disease (61.1%).
- Significant associations were found between hearing alterations, ART use, and otitis.
Conclusions:
- Hearing impairments are prevalent in children with HIV/AIDS.
- Early auditory monitoring and intervention are essential for language development, learning, and social inclusion.
- The findings underscore the importance of integrating audiological care into the management of pediatric HIV.
Related Concept Videos
01:25Immunodeficiency Diseases
3.7K
Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
3.7K
01:29Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
1.7K
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
1.7K
01:26Sexually Transmitted Infections
2.0K
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
2.0K
01:26Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion
408
In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
408
01:31Hearing
48.0K
When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
48.0K
00:50Unrenewable Cells
2.1K
In humans, the photoreceptor cells of the eye and sensory hair cells of the ear lack stem cells. These cells are thus unrenewable and cannot be replaced when they are damaged or destroyed.
Photoreceptors
The retina is composed of several layers and contains specialized cells called photoreceptors. The photoreceptors (rods and cones) change their membrane potential when stimulated by light energy. There are two types of photoreceptors—rods and cones—which differ in the shape of...
Photoreceptors
The retina is composed of several layers and contains specialized cells called photoreceptors. The photoreceptors (rods and cones) change their membrane potential when stimulated by light energy. There are two types of photoreceptors—rods and cones—which differ in the shape of...
2.1K