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Related Concept Videos

Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

29
Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
29
Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

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The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...
4.4K
Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology01:07

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

47
Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...
47
Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction01:29

Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction

51
Intestinal obstruction is a partial or complete blockage of the small or large intestine that disrupts the normal flow of intestinal contents through the lumen. This interruption impairs digestion, absorption, and fluid balance, and may lead to serious complications if not treated promptly.Mechanical ObstructionMechanical obstruction occurs when a physical blockage prevents intestinal contents from passing, arising from within the lumen or the bowel wall, or from external compression.Adhesions,...
51
Diverticular Disease of the Colon01:27

Diverticular Disease of the Colon

44
Diverticular disease involves the formation of diverticula—small sac-like outpouchings of the colonic wall—and their complications. It most commonly affects the sigmoid colon due to higher intraluminal pressure and structural vulnerability. It results from structural weakness and increased pressure in the colon, producing pseudodiverticula that may remain silent or progress to inflammation and serious complications.Structure of DiverticulaIn diverticulosis, these outpouchings are...
44
Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:29

Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

936
Diagnosing and managing appendicitis requires a structured and comprehensive approach that spans from initial assessment to postoperative care. Here is an overview of the process:
Diagnosing Appendicitis
It requires a multifaceted approach, starting with a detailed physical examination to pinpoint the location and nature of the pain and identify any associated symptoms. Laboratory tests play a crucial role. A complete Blood Count (CBC) typically reveals leukocytosis (an increased number of...
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[Left-sided appendicitis due to intestinal malrotation].

Nivethitha Ilangkovan Priyanthan1, Alesia Rindom, Christian Backer Mogensen

  • 1Akutafdelingen, Sygehus Sønderjylland, Kresten Philipsens vej 15, 6200 Aabenraa. nilangkovan@gmail.com

Ugeskrift for Laeger
|March 18, 2014
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Summary

Left-sided appendicitis, a rare condition caused by intestinal malrotation, can present atypically. This case highlights the importance of considering malrotation in diagnosing unusual abdominal pain presentations.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Pathology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Intestinal malrotation is a congenital anomaly where the intestines fail to rotate normally during fetal development.
  • Appendicitis typically presents with right lower quadrant pain, but anatomical variations can lead to atypical presentations.
  • Left-sided appendicitis is rare and often associated with underlying congenital abnormalities.

Observation:

  • A 31-year-old male presented with four days of migrating abdominal pain, initially right-sided, with tenderness on both sides upon examination.
  • Computed tomography (CT) revealed intestinal malrotation with the cecum located in the left fossa.
  • The appendix was identified as inflamed and positioned across the abdominal midline, originating from the malrotated cecum.

Findings:

  • The patient was diagnosed with left-sided appendicitis secondary to intestinal malrotation.
  • Surgical intervention involved the removal of the inflamed appendix.
  • The patient experienced an uneventful recovery following the appendectomy.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering intestinal malrotation in the differential diagnosis of atypical appendicitis presentations.
  • Advanced imaging techniques like CT are crucial for identifying congenital anomalies contributing to unusual clinical findings.
  • Understanding the spectrum of presentations for malrotation-related appendicitis can improve diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes.