Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 2, 2026
Developing a Rat Model for Bipolar Disorder
Published on: May 2, 2025
Supraorbital stimulation does not induce an antidepressant-like response in rats
Tatiana Bregman1, Mustansir Diwan1, José N Nobrega1
1Neuroimaging Research Section, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada.
Background:
Neuromodulation therapies are currently being investigated as potential treatments for depression. One of these treatments involves the stimulation of supraorbital branches of the trigeminal nerve.
Objective:
To show that supraorbital stimulation is effective in preclinical models.
Methods:
Rats were given supraorbital stimulation at different settings in the forced swim test (FST) and open field.
Results:
Supraorbital stimulation did not induce an antidepressant-like response in rats undergoing the FST. This is in contrast to other neuromodulation treatments, such as deep brain stimulation, vagus nerve stimulation and electroconvulsive therapy, which are all effective in this paradigm.
Conclusions:
Supraorbital stimulation was ineffective in rats undergoing the FST. Such findings do not invalidate results of recent clinical trials.
