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Transient aphasic episodes due to hypoglycemia.

E Lahat¹, A Salgado, A J Rowan

¹Neurology Service, VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York.

Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery

|January 1, 1988

Summary

Hypoglycemia can cause temporary aphasia (language impairment) in diabetic patients. Prompt glucose treatment resolves these neurological symptoms, highlighting the importance of considering blood sugar levels in diagnosis.

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Endocrinology
Neurophysiology

Background:

Diabetic patients are at risk for neurological complications.
Hypoglycemia can present with diverse and sometimes unusual symptoms.
Transient focal neurological deficits require careful differential diagnosis.

Observation:

A 58-year-old male with diabetes experienced two episodes of isolated aphasia.
Symptoms resolved rapidly after intravenous glucose administration.
Electroencephalography (EEG) revealed bitemporal delta activity, particularly on the left, after the first event.
Follow-up EEG showed persistent left temporal slowing.

Findings:

The patient's aphasia was directly linked to episodes of hypoglycemia.

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EEG abnormalities correlated with the hypoglycemic events and showed residual effects.

The case underscores the diagnostic challenge in differentiating hypoglycemia from transient ischemic attacks (TIAs).

Implications:

Clinicians should consider hypoglycemia in the differential diagnosis of transient focal neurological deficits in diabetic individuals.
Prompt recognition and management of hypoglycemia are crucial to prevent potential neurological sequelae.
Further research may elucidate the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying hypoglycemia-induced aphasia.