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Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy ll: Types01:22

Epilepsy ll: Types

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Recurrent seizures, stemming from abnormal electrical activity in the brain, are the defining characteristic of epilepsy, a chronic neurological condition. Because seizure features vary greatly, epilepsy is classified using two systems: by seizure type and by epilepsy syndromes. These classifications enable clinicians to describe seizure patterns and select suitable treatment strategies.I. Classification by Seizure Type1. Focal EpilepsyFocal epilepsy begins in one hemisphere of the brain.
47
Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
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Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

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Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
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Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists01:14

Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists

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Glutamate is a fundamental neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, playing a vital role in neuronal communication and various cognitive processes. Glutamate stands as the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Its presence is crucial for the communication between neurons, underpinning essential processes such as synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability, and plasticity. These functions are vital for higher-order cognitive processes, including learning and memory. The...
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Seizures l: Introduction01:20

Seizures l: Introduction

42
Understanding seizures and epilepsy relies on key definitions that help in recognizing, classifying, and managing these disorders. These definitions provide a framework for recognizing, classifying, and managing seizure disorders.DefinitionsA seizure is a sudden, abnormal burst of electrical activity in the brain that can cause changes in awareness, movement, sensation, or behavior, depending on the area involved. Epilepsy is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures,...
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Updated: May 2, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advancing Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery in Children Through Novel Biomarkers and Enhanced Localization
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Author Spotlight: Advancing Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery in Children Through Novel Biomarkers and Enhanced Localization

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ADHD in idiopathic epilepsy.

Marcos H C Duran, Catarina A Guimarães, Maria Augusta Montenegro

    Arquivos De Neuro-Psiquiatria
    |March 19, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study found a low correlation between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and epilepsy in children. ADHD symptoms did not significantly impact epilepsy variables in the studied group.

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    Interictal High Frequency Oscillations Detected with Simultaneous Magnetoencephalography and Electroencephalography as Biomarker of Pediatric Epilepsy
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    Interictal High Frequency Oscillations Detected with Simultaneous Magnetoencephalography and Electroencephalography as Biomarker of Pediatric Epilepsy

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    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Neurology
    • Child Psychiatry

    Background:

    • Epilepsy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are common neurodevelopmental disorders in children.
    • Comorbidity between epilepsy and ADHD is frequently reported, but the exact relationship requires further clarification.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the correlation between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and epilepsy in children.
    • To assess the impact of ADHD symptoms on epilepsy-related variables and behavior problems.

    Main Methods:

    • A cross-sectional study involving sixty children with idiopathic epilepsy.
    • Utilized MTA-SNAP IV, Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, and Conners' Rating Scales for assessment.
    • Chi-square test was employed for statistical analysis of epilepsy variables.

    Main Results:

    • Eight patients (13%) exhibited ADHD symptoms, with seven having the inattentive subtype.
    • Only three patients presented with behavioral problems.
    • No significant differences in epilepsy variables were observed between epileptic patients with and without ADHD symptoms.

    Conclusions:

    • A low comorbidity of ADHD symptoms and epilepsy was observed in this cohort.
    • Seizure control and antiepileptic drug (AED) treatment appeared to have minimal interference with comorbid ADHD.
    • Findings suggest that ADHD may not significantly influence epilepsy variables in children with idiopathic epilepsy.